(To appear in Philosophy and the Mind Sciences’ Book Symposium for Neuroethics: Agency in the Age of Brain Science (OUP 2023) by Joshua May). In Neuroethics: Agency in the Age of Brain Science (2023), Joshua May arrives at a cautiously optimistic appraisal of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for brain-based disorders. May does not, however, distinguish between disorders that are properly considered neurological and those that are properly considered psychiatric (or psychopathological). After motivating this distinction, I argue that May’s discussion of (...) DBS fails to account for the added complexities and potential ethical harms of DBS for psychiatric conditions. (shrink)