Abstract

As technology fosters connections among like-minded individuals, concerns about the effects of homogeneous clusters—often criticized as ideological bubbles and echo chambers—have intensified. While these clusters are commonly seen as obstacles to independent thought and progress, this paper argues that they can, under certain conditions, drive significant advancements. By revising computational models of collective problem solving and examining historical cases, I demonstrate that clusters, particularly among minority groups with superior ideas, can overcome dominant resistance and promote progress. However, this clustering introduces trade-offs, including slower consensus formation.