Abstract

Although Africa is endowed with rich human and natural resources, it is arguably the poorest continent in the world. Blessed with a diversity of rich cultural heritage and tradition, it is bedeviled by a lost identity and existential integrity. This is not unconnected with its experiences of colonisation, slavery, racism, and western imperial domination, which displaced several established traditional structures in Africa. For instance, African cultures, customs, traditions, beliefs, world-views, values, languages, religions, lifestyles, political systems, and others, were distorted and subjugated. Western colonisers and imperialists justify their actions by claiming that Africa was a dark continent with nothing substantial to contribute to global development prior to their intervention, and arguing that Africans were illogical, and primitive, with infantile mentality. Contrary to this claim that is untrue, the distortion and subjugation of African cultures and ways by the West is largely responsible for the loss of its identity and existential integrity. To halt and reverse this situation, several African scholars, such as Leopold Sedar Sénghor and Julius Nyerere, have made efforts to rediscover the African heritage. This paper critically explores Sénghor’s Negritude and Nyerere’s Ujamaa (African socialism), with the aim of finding an intersection between them and drawing a roadmap towards the restoration of Africa’s identity and existential integrity. Both ideologies emphasise pride in African identity, communalism, and cultural uniqueness while rejecting the Eurocentric myth of African inferiority. Sénghor and Nyerere advocate for a return to Africa’s pre-colonial values, where communal solidarity, respect, and autonomy prevailed. This paper argues that the convergence of Negritude and Ujamaa provides a joint roadmap for restoring Africa’s sense of self, highlighting the importance of unity, equality, and cultural resurgence as essential elements for Africa’s development in the modern world.