Abstract

As enterprises increasingly adopted multi-cloud strategies in 2022, the complexity of networking across heterogeneous cloud environments became a major architectural challenge. This research investigates the evolving landscape of multi-cloud networking, focusing on the optimization of traffic routing, policy enforcement, and service connectivity across providers like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud. The paper analyzes the limitations of traditional VPNs and SD-WAN solutions, and evaluates emerging technologies such as cloud-native network fabrics, service mesh architectures, and network-as-a-service (NaaS) platforms. Security implications—including identity-based segmentation, cross-cloud compliance, and encrypted traffic management—are explored. The study proposes a unified policy framework and automation toolkit to streamline networking in decentralized cloud ecosystems.