Understanding Mars’s surface history depends on reading the scars left by ancient impacts. These craters act like a cosmic clock, helping scientists estimate the ages of different landscapes. However, a peculiar subclass known as self-secondaries—craters formed by debris from the initial impact falling back into its own ejecta—has posed a challenge for interpreting crater-based age estimates.

Việc hiểu được lịch sử bề mặt của Sao Hỏa phụ thuộc nhiều vào khả năng giải mã các vết sẹo do va chạm cổ đại để lại. Những hố va chạm này hoạt động như một chiếc đồng hồ vũ trụ, giúp các nhà khoa học ước tính niên đại của các vùng địa hình khác nhau. Tuy nhiên, một tiểu loại đặc biệt—gọi là hố tự-phụ thứ cấp (self-secondaries)—gây không ít khó khăn cho việc xác định tuổi bề (...) mặt dựa trên số lượng hố va chạm [2,3]. (shrink)

Khi thế giới hiện đại ngày càng kết nối chặt chẽ, các đô thị đang nổi lên như những “đấu trường trung tâm” cho các biến đổi sinh thái—đặc biệt là trong sự lan rộng của các loài ngoại lai xâm lấn.

Một lượng nghiên cứu ngày càng tăng đã xác định rằng TDP-43—một loại protein thiết yếu trong điều hòa biểu hiện gene—khi bị sai định vị (mislocalization) là một dấu hiệu đặc trưng của nhiều rối loạn thoái hóa thần kinh như xơ cứng teo cơ một bên (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – ALS), thoái hóa thùy trán-thái dương (frontotemporal lobar degeneration), Alzheimer, sa sút trí tuệ thể Lewy (Lewy body dementia), và Huntington [2–5]. Trong khi phần lớn các nghiên cứu (...) trước đây tập trung vào vai trò của TDP-43 toàn vẹn trong nhân tế bào, một nghiên cứu gần đây của Deng và cộng sự [6] đã khai phá những hậu quả ít được biết đến của các mảnh TDP-43 bị cắt ngắn (truncated forms) khi chúng xuất hiện trong bào tương—đặc biệt là sự tương tác của chúng với ribosome, cỗ máy tổng hợp protein của tế bào. (shrink)

Hệ thống thoát nước của Mumbai—với những trì hoãn kéo dài, bất bình đẳng có hệ thống, và tình trạng dang dở kéo dài—vượt ra khỏi khuôn khổ một công trình kỹ thuật hay hành chính đơn thuần. Như Purva Dewoolkar [2] chỉ ra, đây là một điều kiện sống, một cấu trúc linh hoạt và thích ứng không ngừng, vừa hình thành từ, vừa định hình đời sống đô thị hàng ngày. Những kế hoạch lớn như Dự án Xử (...) lý Nước thải Mumbai (Mumbai Sewage Disposal Project – MSDP) hay Chương trình Cải thiện Hệ thống Cống rãnh Mumbai (Mumbai Sewerage Improvement Programme – MSIP) hứa hẹn sẽ xử lý chất thải một cách toàn diện. Tuy nhiên, sau hàng thập kỷ triển khai bị đình trệ, nhiều cộng đồng thu nhập thấp vẫn không có nổi dịch vụ vệ sinh cơ bản nhất. (shrink)

Set aside fanciful doomsday speculations about AI. Even lower-level AIs, while otherwise friendly and providing us a universal basic income, would be able to do all our jobs. Also, we would over-rely upon AI assistants even in our personal lives. Thus, John Danaher argues that a human crisis of moral passivity would result However, I argue firstly that if AIs are posited to lack the potential to become unfriendly, they may not be intelligent enough to replace us in all our (...) jobs. If instead they are intelligent enough to replace us, the risk they become unfriendly increases, given that they would not need us and humans would just compete for valuable resources. Their hostility will not promote our moral passivity. Secondly, the use of AI assistants in our personal lives will become a problem only if we rely on them for almost all our decision-making and motivation. But such a (maximally) pervasive level of dependence raises the question of whether humans would accept it, and consequently whether the crisis of passivity will arise. (shrink)

Trong nhiều biện pháp chống biến đổi khí hậu thế giới đang nghiên cứu và áp dụng, không phải lúc nào cũng là những thứ tối tân, hiện đại và lớn lao kỳ vĩ. Có những biện pháp thuộc về cải tiến phương thức nuôi trồng, và thực tế đã cho thấy hiệu quả đo đếm được, bằng những tín chỉ có khả năng quy đổi thành giá trị tiền tệ thông qua mậu dịch carbon. Hiệu quả này có thể (...) xem như vế số 1 của mệnh đề nguyên lý trao đổi giá trị môi sinh-tiền tệ, trường hợp tạo ra thặng dư sinh thái. Bài viết này đề cập tới một trường hợp tiêu biểu của thế giới, và xem xét cơ sở khoa học của nguyên lý vận hành, trực tiếp liên quan. Sau cùng, một số ý kiến về những điều kiện cần có chuẩn bị cho triển khai trong thực tiễn tại Việt Nam sẽ được trình bày. (shrink)

The disciplinary characterisation (DC) is the most popular approach to defining metaphysical naturalism and physicalism. It defines metaphysical naturalism with reference to scientific theories and defines physicalism with reference to physical theories, and suggests that every entity that exists is a posited entity of these theories. DC has been criticised for its inability to solve Hempel’s dilemma and a list of problems alike. In this paper, I propose and defend a novel version of DC that can be called a historical (...) paths approach. The idea is (roughly) that metaphysical naturalism can be defined with reference to the historical ideas that current scientific ideas descend from. I argue that it is not rendered implausible by the above problems, and hence that DC is more defensible and attractive than it may first appear. I then argue that the approach also provides a useful framework for the naturalisation of the philosophy of mind and phenomenology. (shrink)

Russellian monism – an influential doctrine proposed by Russell (1927/1992) – is roughly the view that the natural sciences can only ever tell us about the causal, dispositional, and structural properties of physical entities and not about their categorical properties, and, moreover, that our qualia are constituted by categorical properties. Recently, Stoljar (2001a, 2001b), Strawson (2008), Montero (2010, 2015), Alter and Nagasawa (2012), and Chalmers (2015) have attempted to develop this doctrine into a version of physicalism. Russellian monism faces the (...) so-called combination problem, according to which it is difficult to see how categorical properties could collectively constitute qualia. In this paper, I suggest that there is an insufficiently discussed aspect of the combination problem which I call the difference-maker problem. Taking the difference-maker problem into account, I argue that the combination problem – whether or not it can be solved – results in a dilemma for the project of developing Russellian physicalism. That is, Russellian monism is either physicalistically unacceptable or it is implausible; hence, Russellian monism and physicalism are incompatible. (shrink)

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a powerful tool for public health surveillance, enabling researchers to monitor patterns of drug use, lifestyle behaviors, and disease prevalence by analyzing biomarkers excreted by human populations into wastewater. Yet, a critical question has remained largely unexplored: to what extent do these biomarkers adhere to suspended particulate matter (SPM) within wastewater, potentially causing underestimations when only the liquid fraction is analyzed?

Without doctors being able to explain medical decisions to patients, I argue their use of black box AIs would erode the effective and respectful care they provide patients. In addition, I argue that physicians should use AI black boxes only for patients in dire straits, or when physicians use AI as a “co-pilot” (analogous to a spellchecker) but can independently confirm its accuracy. I respond to A.J. London’s objection that physicians already prescribe some drugs without knowing why they work.

I contend there exists a platonistic good that all other good (excellent) things must resemble, supplementing this theory with Aristotelian features. Something’s goodness holds in virtue of the thing’s own properties being such as to satisfy its kind-based standards, and those K-standards resembling the platonic good. As for the latter condition, the K-standards resemble it firstly with respect to requiring activities, and secondly also at the level of what teleology those activities are directed towards.

In this paper, we describe four broad ‘meta-methods’ employed in scientific and philosophical research of qualia. These are the theory-centred metamethod, the property-centred meta-method, the argument-centred meta-method, and the event-centred meta-method. Broadly speaking, the theory-centred meta-method is interested in the role of qualia as some theoretical entities picked out by our folk psychological theories; the property-centred meta-method is interested in some metaphysical properties of qualia that we immediately observe through introspection ; the argument-centred meta-method is interested in the role of (...) qualia in some arguments for non-physicalism; the event-centred metamethod is interested in the role of qualia as some natural events whose nature is hidden and must be uncovered empirically. We will argue that the event-centred metamethod is the most promising route to a comprehensive scientific conception of qualia because of the flexibility of ontological and methodological assumptions it can provide. We also reveal the hidden influences of the different meta-methods and in doing so show why consideration of meta-methods has value for the study of consciousness. (shrink)

Russellian monism—an influential doctrine proposed by Russell (The analysis of matter, Routledge, London, 1927/1992)—is roughly the view that physics can only ever tell us about the causal, dispositional, and structural properties of physical entities and not their categorical (or intrinsic) properties, whereas our qualia are constituted by those categorical properties. In this paper, I will discuss the relation between Russellian monism and a seminal paradox facing epiphenomenalism, the paradox of phenomenal judgment: if epiphenomenalism is true—qualia are causally inefficacious—then any judgment (...) concerning qualia, including epiphenomenalism itself, cannot be caused by qualia. For many writers, including Hawthorne (Philos Perspect 15:361–378, 2001), Smart (J Conscious Stud 11(2):41–50, 2004), and Braddon-Mitchell and Jackson (The philosophy of mind and cognition, Blackwell, Malden, 2007), Russellian monism faces the same paradox as epiphenomenalism does. I will assess Chalmers’s (The conscious mind: in search of a fundamental theory. Oxford University Press, New York, 1996) and Seager’s (in: Beckermann A, McLaughlin BP (eds) The Oxford handbook of philosophy of mind. Oxford University Press, New York, 2009) defences of Russellian monism against the paradox, and will put forward a novel argument against those defences. (shrink)

Monism is our name for a range of views according to which the connection between dispositions and their categorical bases is intimate and necessary, or on which there are no categorical bases at all. In contrast, Dualist views hold that the connection between dispositions and their categorical bases is distant and contingent. This paper is a defence of Monism against an influential conceivability argument in favour of Dualism. The argument suggests that the apparent possibility of causal behaviour coming apart from (...) categorical bases is best explained by Dualism. We argue that Monism can explain the apparent possibility as well, if we take metaphysically alien laws — namely, laws whose metaphysical nature is alien to the actual world — into account. (shrink)

Food systems—the complex network of food production, distribution, consumption, and waste—are both major contributors to climate change and critical avenues for mitigation. Responsible for nearly one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions and around 80% of tropical deforestation, they are central to both the problem and the solution.

Could Christians and Muslims be referring to the same God? Consider Gareth Evans’s causal theory of reference, on which a name refers to the dominant source of information in the name’s “dossier”. I argue that information about experiences, in which God is simply the object of acquaintance, can dominate the dossier. Thus, this "demonstrative" use of names offers a promising alternative avenue by which users of the divine names can refer to the same referent despite having different conceptions of God.

Dịch tễ học dựa trên nước thải (Wastewater-Based Epidemiology – WBE) đang nổi lên như một công cụ hiệu quả trong giám sát sức khỏe cộng đồng.

The Taizhou school of philosophy, followers of Wang Yangming, places significant emphasis on the body, which has led to theoretical challenges concerning the potential dissipation of natural desires. Critics contend that while Taizhou philosophy acknowledges the natural state of human existence, it fails to provide a satisfactory explanation for the existence of evil and tends to overlook the crucial role of deliberate moral practice by idealizing the natural as morally perfect. Drawing on insights from embodied cognition, this article aims to (...) shed light on the nuanced perspectives of Taizhou moral philosophy and address common criticisms regarding its approach to evil and moral practice. I will explore Taizhou’s holistic understanding, which integrates mind and body, self and others, offering fresh insights into the interplay between deliberation and spontaneity within moral practices. As a comparative and interdisciplinary endeavor, this work seeks to bridge the divide between Eastern and Western philosophical traditions and between moral philosophy and empirical science. This article not only aims to enhance our understanding of Taizhou philosophy but also strives to illuminate broader implications for ethical behavior and moral reasoning in a diverse, global context. (shrink)

People often act from both motives that are good and motives that are not. How should we assess the moral worth or value of these actions from mixed motives? Having neglected these actions, the recent literature leaves us with no obvious answer. In this paper, I develop an answer. A mixed action, I argue, can be morally worthy even if it is done neither purely from good motives nor partly from good motives that suffice in some relevant sense to prompt (...) it. Whether the action is morally worthy, and if so, to what degree it is, I argue, should be settled by weighing the total goodness of its motives against the total badness of its motives. And two properties of each motive, its intentional object and its motivational strength, together determine the degree of goodness or badness that it contributes to the action’s net worth. (shrink)

The research, which surveyed 462 SMEs and applied a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), found that there is no one-size-fits-all solution.

As the climate crisis intensifies, coastal ecosystems—such as mangroves, tidal marshes, and seagrass meadows—are gaining recognition for their role in sequestering “blue carbon” (BC)...

Nhưng thời đại số hóa, Xóm Chim cũng còn phải “go online” nữa. Cho nên mới có cái vụ việc sinh ra Xóm Chim Online...

Hệ thống lương thực – mạng lưới phức tạp bao gồm sản xuất, phân phối, tiêu thụ và thải bỏ thực phẩm – vừa là tác nhân chính gây ra biến đổi khí hậu, vừa là con đường quan trọng để giảm thiểu tác động này. Chịu trách nhiệm cho gần một phần ba lượng khí thải nhà kính toàn cầu và khoảng 80% nạn phá rừng nhiệt đới, hệ thống lương thực đóng vai trò trung tâm trong cả vấn (...) đề và giải pháp. (shrink)

In an era marked by escalating climate crises and social-ecological disruptions, addressing these challenges demands not only new solutions but also fundamentally new ways of thinking. A recent conceptual paper by Hertz, Klein, Mancilla García, and Schlüter (2025) advocates a radical shift in how we conceptualize transformation—moving away from static, essentialist worldviews toward a dynamic, process-relational perspective (PRP).

Coffee and tea are two beverages commonly-consumed around the world. Therefore, there is much research regarding their physiological effects. However, less is known about their psychological meanings. Derived from a predicted lay association between coffee and arousal, we posit that exposure to coffee-related cues should increase arousal, even in the absence of actual ingestion, relative to exposure to tea-related cues. We further suggest that higher arousal levels should facilitate a concrete level of mental construal as conceptualized by Construal Level Theory. (...) In four experiments, we find that coffee cues prompted participants to see temporal distances as shorter and to think in more concrete, precise terms. Both subjective and physiological arousal explain the effects. We situate our work in the literature that connects food and beverage to cognition or decision-making. We also discuss the applied relevance of our results as coffee and tea are among the most prevalent beverages globally. (shrink)

Climate policy is often evaluated through its ability to curb greenhouse gas emissions, but new research highlights a powerful co-benefit: saving lives.

Mumbai’s sewage infrastructure—marked by chronic delays, systemic inequalities, and enduring incompletion—functions as more than a technical or bureaucratic undertaking. As Purva Dewoolkar (2025) reveals, it is a lived condition, a fluid and adaptive framework that shapes and is shaped by daily urban life. Grand plans such as the Mumbai Sewage Disposal Project (MSDP) and the Mumbai Sewerage Improvement Programme (MSIP) promise comprehensive waste management. Yet, after decades of stalled implementation, many low-income communities continue to lack even the most basic sanitation (...) services. (shrink)

Far from being mere entertainment, multiplayer online games (MOGs) have the power to create meaningful change—not just for players but for companies and society at large. A recent study by Wu and Chang (2025) reveals how these digital spaces can cultivate self-awareness, brand loyalty, and even social connection.

In a recent article, Marilyn Baffoe-Bonnie offers three arguments for conducting CRISPR/Cas9 biotechnology research to cure sickle-cell disease (SCD) based on addressing historical and current injustices in SCD research and care. I show that her second and third arguments suffer from roughly the same defect, which is that they really argue for something else rather than for conducting CRISPR/Cas9 research in particular. For instance, the second argument argues that conducting this gene therapy research would improve the relationship between SCD sufferers (...) (who are mostly of African descent) and health care providers. But really what is essential in improving this relationship is for those providers to genuinely care and be concerned, and this could be lacking even with the CRISPR research being done. Indeed, this relationship could be improved even without that research being done, as long as there is genuine concern. Thus, this argument actually argues for the need for genuine concern. As for the third argument, one (of two) problems arises because it claims that CRISPR research for SCD should be pursued because the benefits would be shared by even non-research-participants, as non-participants would be encouraged. However, this argues for any research for SCD, not for CRISPR research in particular. I conclude that a better justice-based argument will use only Baffoe-Bonnie’s first argument, which is based on historic neglect of an actual cure for SCD (going beyond merely management or transplant therapies). (shrink)

This article offers a novel interpretation of enacted knowledge through the lens of Wang Yangming’s theory of the unity of knowledge and action. By framing Wang’s concept of knowledge within an enactive model, it advances a holistic perspective that integrates mind, body, and world, as well as knowledge and action, into a unified whole. To bridge historical analysis with contemporary philosophical discourse, this article engages in dialogue with Harvey Lederman’s introspective model, offering a complementary framework that, together, provides a more (...) precise and comprehensive understanding of Wang’s philosophy. Moving beyond Lederman’s dichotomy of correspondence and identity, I introduce a third interpretation of “unity”: the Continuum Thesis. This interpretation places a more fundamental focus on the original condition of moral knowledge, presenting it as a singular entity that inherently integrates the distinct aspects of knowledge and action. By asserting that “action just is knowledge,” Wang indeed affirmed their original unity. (shrink)

Traditionally, it has been thought that, assuming other conditions are satisfied, your action must be morally worthy or good if you are acting solely from good motives. There is a lively dispute as to which motives are good, but whichever motives are good, acting solely from good motives is not always good and can even be bad on the whole. We may act rightly from a good motive while being indifferent to what matters most. Indifference, I argue, can make our (...) actions less than ideally good and at times even bad. Traditional theories, however, cannot accommodate cases of indifference by assuming absent and ineffective motives can never make a difference to an action’s moral value. Absent as well as ineffective motives can make an action less good and at times even bad. To accommodate this, we need to adopt a proportionality principle in assessing an action. An action is made good to a degree in proportion to the goodness of its effective motives. But an action is also made bad to a degree in proportion to the disproportion it exhibits through its whole set of relevant motives including not only effective motives but also absent as well as ineffective ones. (shrink)

Trong kỷ nguyên khủng hoảng khí hậu leo thang và các đứt gãy xã hội – sinh thái ngày càng sâu sắc, việc ứng phó hiệu quả với những thách thức này không chỉ đòi hỏi các giải pháp mới mà còn cần những cách tư duy hoàn toàn khác biệt. Một bài viết khái niệm gần đây của Hertz, Klein, Mancilla García và Schlüter [2] kêu gọi một sự thay đổi triệt để trong cách chúng ta hình dung về (...) sự chuyển đổi—c huyển từ các thế giới quan mang tính tĩnh tại và bản chất luận (essentialist) sang một góc nhìn động, dựa trên quá trình (process-relational perspective - PRP). (shrink)

Alexander Bird (2001; 2002; 2007) offers a powerful argument showing that, regardless of whether necessitarianism or contingentism about laws is true, salt necessarily dissolves in water. The argument is that the same laws of nature that are necessary for the constitution of salt necessitate the solubility of salt. This paper shows that Bird’s argument faces a serious objection if the possibility of emergentism – in particular, C. D. Broad’s account – is taken into account. The idea is (roughly) that some (...) emergent laws in some possible worlds may disrupt the solubility of salt without disrupting its constitution. (shrink)

Soil carbon sequestration has long been championed as a promising strategy for mitigating climate change. By drawing carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere and storing it in soils through plants and organic matter, this process is often seen as a natural solution to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations. However, a recent comprehensive review by Don et al. (2023) reveals that the role of soil carbon sequestration is frequently misunderstood, miscommunicated, and, at times, overstated in its potential to counter climate change.

ABSTRACT Lewtas [2017] recently articulated an argument claiming that emergent conscious causal powers are impossible. In developing his argument, Lewtas makes several assumptions about emergence, phenomenal consciousness, categorical properties, and causation. We argue that there are plausible alternatives to these assumptions. Thus, the proponent of emergent conscious causal powers can escape Lewtas’s challenge.

A growing body of research has identified the mislocalization of TDP-43—a protein essential for regulating gene expression—as a hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body dementia, and Huntington’s disease. While previous studies have largely focused on the nuclear roles of full-length TDP-43, a recent study by Deng et al. (2025) investigates the lesser-known consequences of its truncated forms in the cytoplasm, particularly their interactions with ribosomes—the cellular machinery that synthesizes proteins.

Climate change is not solely a technological or policy challenge—it is fundamentally a human one. As Chatterjee et al. (2024) emphasize, transforming how people think, feel, and act is just as crucial as cutting emissions or advancing renewable energy. Their comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role of communication, particularly through modern digital media, in fostering climate-friendly behaviors among individuals and communities.

Chính sách khí hậu thường được đánh giá dựa trên khả năng cắt giảm khí nhà kính, nhưng một nghiên cứu mới đây cho thấy một lợi ích đồng thời quan trọng không kém: cứu sống con người.

The Humility Thesis is a persistent thesis in contemporary metaphysics. It is known by a variety of names, including, but not limited to, Humility, Intrinsic Humility, Kantian Humility, Kantian Physicalism, Intrinsic Ignorance, Categorical Ignorance, Irremediable Ignorance, and Noumenalism. According to the thesis, we human beings, and any knowers that share our general ways of knowing, are irremediably ignorant of a certain class of properties that are intrinsic to material entities … Continue reading Humility Regarding Intrinsic Properties →.

Rapid land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) are increasingly fragmenting natural habitats, threatening biodiversity, and disrupting ecological connectivity. In a comprehensive study, Murphy et al. (2025) investigated how specific landscape features affect the population genetic structure and connectivity of two pond-breeding amphibians—American toads (Anaxyrus americanus) and Blanchard’s cricket frogs (Acris blanchardi)—within the agriculturally dominated landscapes of southwestern Ohio, United States.

A recent study by Ford-Learner, Addison, and Cumming (2025) offers a timely and comprehensive synthesis of how distinct marine habitats contribute to the supply of ecosystem services (ES) in tropical regions, with a particular focus on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP). While marine ES are essential to the livelihoods and well-being of nearly a billion people worldwide, significant knowledge gaps persist in understanding how these services are linked to specific habitat types, especially in tropical marine environments.

Botanic gardens and arboreta are more than just beautiful green spaces—they are living repositories of plant diversity. A new study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution offers the most comprehensive global analysis to date of these “ex situ” (outside of its natural environment) living plant collections, drawing on a century of data from 50 institutions across five continents.

Trong giai đoạn đầu của phát triển, các doanh nghiệp thường tập trung tại các trung tâm đô thị hoặc công nghiệp để hưởng lợi từ lợi thế của nền kinh tế tập trung...

Các vườn thực vật và khu bảo tồn cây không chỉ là những không gian xanh tươi đẹp mà còn là những "ngân hàng sống" lưu giữ sự đa dạng thực vật.

Khác xa với việc chỉ là một hình thức giải trí đơn thuần, game online nhiều người chơi (multiplayer online games - MOGs) có sức mạnh tạo ra những thay đổi ý nghĩa – không chỉ cho người chơi mà còn cho cả các công ty và xã hội nói chung. Một nghiên cứu gần đây của Wu và Chang (2025) đã tiết lộ cách những không gian kỹ thuật số này có thể nuôi dưỡng sự tự nhận thức, lòng (...) trung thành với thương hiệu và thậm chí cả sự kết nối xã hội. (shrink)

Hấp thụ carbon vào đất (soil carbon sequestration) từ lâu đã được xem là một chiến lược đầy hứa hẹn để giảm thiểu biến đổi khí hậu. Bằng cách hút khí carbon dioxide (CO₂) từ khí quyển và lưu trữ nó trong đất thông qua thực vật và chất hữu cơ, quá trình này thường được coi là một giải pháp tự nhiên để giảm nồng độ khí nhà kính. Tuy nhiên, một nghiên cứu tổng quan toàn diện gần đây (...) của Don và cộng sự cho thấy vai trò của việc hấp thụ carbon vào đất thường bị hiểu sai, truyền đạt sai lệch và đôi khi bị thổi phồng về tiềm năng đối phó với biến đổi khí hậu. (shrink)

Clean, reliable energy is fundamental to both human development and climate action. Yet over 600 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa remain without electricity—among them, 97% of refugees lack access to grid power.

For decades, economists and environmental scientists have grappled with a fundamental question: Can economic growth ultimately lead to environmental improvement? This question lies at the heart of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, which posits that pollution initially rises with income but eventually declines after reaching a certain income threshold. In a recent study, Wu et al. (2025) offer a novel contribution to this ongoing debate by examining how the spatial distribution of economic activity—specifically, the trade-off between firm agglomeration and (...) dispersion—shapes the long-term relationship between economic development and environmental quality. (shrink)

Biến đổi khí hậu không chỉ là một thách thức về công nghệ hay chính sách – mà cốt lõi là một vấn đề mang tính con người. Như Chatterjee và cộng sự (2025) nhấn mạnh, việc thay đổi cách mọi người suy nghĩ, cảm nhận và hành động cũng quan trọng không kém việc cắt giảm khí thải hay thúc đẩy năng lượng tái tạo. Nghiên cứu tổng quan toàn diện của họ làm nổi bật vai trò then chốt (...) của truyền thông, đặc biệt là thông qua các phương tiện truyền thông kỹ thuật số hiện đại, trong việc thúc đẩy các hành vi thân thiện với khí hậu ở cả cá nhân và cộng đồng. (shrink)