The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into software development has transformed traditional methodologies, making development cycles more efficient and reducing manual intervention. AI-driven tools and techniques enhance various stages of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC), from requirement analysis to deployment and maintenance. This paper explores the role of AI in automating software engineering tasks, discusses the impact of intelligent automation on efficiency, and presents real-world applications and future research directions.

As more people utilise online banking services, the large losses that banks and other financial institutions sustained because of new bank account (NBA) fraud are concerning. Machine learning (ML) models have faced significant challenges because to the intrinsic skewness and rarity of NBA fraud cases. This occurs when the number of non-fraud instances exceeds the number of fraud instances, causing the ML models to miss and mistakenly regard fraud as non-fraud instances. Customers' confidence and trust may be damaged by such (...) mistakes. Existing research addresses the skewness of fraud datasets by considering fraud patterns rather than possible losses of NBA fraud risk characteristics. This study suggests NBA fraud detection in the framework of value-at-risk, a risk metric that views fraud cases as the worst-case situation. Value-at-risk models risk features as a skewed tail distribution and estimates possible losses of such attributes using historical simulation. ML was used to classify the risk-return characteristics derived from value-at-risk on the bank account fraud (BAF) dataset. The value-at-risk assigns weight to the skewed NBA fraud cases by managing the fraud skewness with an adjusted threshold probability range. The effectiveness of the fraud detection algorithm was assessed using a unique detection rate (DT) metric that takes risk fraud characteristics into account. A K-nearest neighbour with a true positive (TP) rate of 0.95 and a DT rate of 0.9406 is used to create an enhanced fraud detection model. Value-at-risk offers a clever way to create data-driven standards for fraud risk management within a reasonable loss tolerance in the banking industry. (shrink)

A mixed methods study, this doctoral research explores the relationship between the classroom language assessment literacy (CLAL) and assessment practices of English teachers. It is based on the premise that if English teachers are properly oriented in assessment of language ability in classroom, the quality of classroom assessments will improve and in turn, teachers will be in a position to carry out “assessment for learning” effectively. The study is designed considering the assessment policies and practices in India as a whole. (...) The intervention takes place in three schools— a CBSE, a State-Board and an ICSE school— and six secondary school English teachers— two each from the above-mentioned schools— in Andhra Pradesh constituted the main participants. This research is significant in the sense that though the new assessment policy in schools demands that teachers carry out classroom assessments, and attaches a lot of importance to those, very little has been done to equip teachers with adequate skills and knowledge to enable them to meet the challenges of classroom assessment. This study tries to draw attention towards this problem and suggests a possible solution. For its theoretical framework, the study draws on classroom assessment, assessment literacy, second language teacher education, teacher development, teacher beliefs and teacher knowledge. The framework is built after studying and tracing the existing gaps in the research literature in areas relevant to the study. The study is conducted in three major phases: pre-intervention, intervention and postintervention. In the first phase, the researcher collects information about the CLAL of secondary school English teachers practicing in CBSE, state-board and ICSE schools through a state-wise survey. Then two teachers each from a CBSE, a state-board and an ICSE school are selected and information about their CLAL, beliefs about assessment and assessment practices is obtained. A teacher development (TD) programme based on the above-mentioned information is designed with a view to developing teachers’ CLAL. In the second phase, the programme is imparted separately to the three pairs of teachers for 18 hours. Records of teachers’ experience and the researcher’s observations are maintained during the intervention. In the last phase, once again, information is collected about the CLAL and assessment practices of the teachers in a similar manner as done in the first stage. Data are analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively, triangulated and meta-inferences are made after a few cross-case analyses. Finally, an effort is made to generalize and discuss the findings, state the implications of the study for policy makers, teacher education, curriculum designers, experts in language assessment and teacher educators, point out the limitations of the project and suggest directions for further research in the area of the study. The findings of the study suggest that there is a relationship between CLAL and assessment practices of teachers. But a lot of factors like the assessment policy at curricular level, institutional policy about assessment, motivation of teachers to utilize assessment for pedagogic purposes and their English language ability are found to have impact on teachers’ assessment practices. It is also found that a need-based TD programme can, to a great extent, generate the desired impact on teachers’ assessment practices. (shrink)

Every year, millions of hectares of forests are destroyed by forest fires, which are a common and significant natural calamity that seriously endangers both human life and property. For the purpose of developing quick risk management plans and putting into practice efficient firefighting techniques, precise quantitative forecasting of forest fire spread is crucial. The Forest Fire Spread Behaviour Prediction (FFSBP) model, which includes two essential components—the Forest Fire Spread Process Prediction (FFSPP) model and the Forest Fire Spread Results Prediction (FFSRP) (...) model—is presented in this work in answer to this requirement. Cellular Automata and Wang Zhengfei models are combined to create the FFSPP model, which predicts the direction and rate of forest fire propagation. The FFSRP model, on the other hand, employs machine learning techniques to anticipate the size of the burnt area. An actual case study is conducted utilising the "3.29 Forest Fire" disaster in China to verify the effectiveness of the suggested models. This instance is used to verify the FFSPP model, while an actual fire dataset from Portugal's Montesinho National Forest Park is used to evaluate the FFSRP model. The validation process's findings show that the FFSPP model forecasts a burnt area of 286.81 hm2 with a corresponding relative error of 28.94% during the "3.29 Forest Fire's" natural growth phase. Compared to the Farsite and Prometheus fire behaviour simulation models, this relative inaccuracy is noticeably lower. Furthermore, the FFSRP model has excellent prediction performance, especially when considering small and medium-sized fire situations. These results highlight the FFSBP model's potential as a useful instrument for improving the accuracy of forest fire predictions and enabling more effective risk reduction and suppression tactics. (shrink)

Zero Trust (ZT) is a security model that assumes no entity, whether inside or outside the network, is trusted by default. As organizations increasingly migrate their infrastructure to the cloud, traditional perimeter-based security models prove ineffective in protecting against advanced threats. This paper explores the implementation of Zero Trust in cloud environments and its impact on enhancing security in the modern era. By focusing on identity management, network segmentation, and continuous verification, the study highlights the key principles of Zero Trust (...) and discusses its effectiveness in mitigating risks like data breaches and insider threats. The paper also examines best practices, challenges, and future trends in adopting Zero Trust within cloud ecosystems. (shrink)

There is a myth about philosophy that it contains only a dead stuff of knowledge and has no relation with contemporary life and society. It has always been misunderstood that all the philosophical speculations are nothing but daydreaming of certain scholars and also that they have laid down more emphasis on life beyond death than present life. However, it is very far from truth, in as much as, Indian philosophy contains substantial components of eternal truth, and it has universal applications, (...) which are capable of conducting the man to the gateway of the good through the shady avenue of beautiful self. The modern technological advancement has disconnected us from spiritual advancement and it has resulted the loss of mental peace. The rapid technological advancement and scientific investigations have blessed us with comforts and luxuries but at the same time there has been a starvation of the spirit and sickening of the soul resulting in unbalanced growth of human personality. Here comes the importance of philosophical teachings. There has been awakening in regard to the spirit, and necessity for all round development of the man’s spiritual personality. It is precisely at this point that Indian philosophy comes to the rescue of the modern creature by projecting before him through employment of which he can expand the boundaries of the ego, as also by opening before him the lock gates of the perennial stream of spirituality. Here in this essay, I would try to unlock the magic of the theory of Consciousness which has been discussed by the great sage GAUDAPADA in his Mandukya Karika. My main focus will be to elucidate the whole complex process of attaining ultimate consciousness in order to delve into the ultimate reality. At the end of the essay, we will see how theory of consciousness owns the answers to all the riddles of a self-enquirer. We will also discuss the non-dualistic philosophy of Advaita Vedanta with the karika. -/- . (shrink)