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  1. A task-independent neural representation of subjective certainty in visual perception.Johannes Heereman, Henrik Walter & Hauke R. Heekeren - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
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  • How to measure metacognition.Stephen Fleming & Hakwan Lau - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8 (443):1–9.
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  • Individual consistency in the accuracy and distribution of confidence judgments.Joaquín Ais, Ariel Zylberberg, Pablo Barttfeld & Mariano Sigman - 2016 - Cognition 146 (C):377-386.
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  • Conflict monitoring and anterior cingulate cortex: an update.Matthew M. Botvinick, Jonathan D. Cohen & Cameron S. Carter - 2004 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8 (12):539-546.
    One hypothesis concerning the human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is that it functions, in part, to signal the occurrence of conflicts in information processing, thereby triggering compensatory adjustments in cognitive control. Since this idea was first proposed, a great deal of relevant empirical evidence has accrued. This evidence has largely corroborated the conflict-monitoring hypothesis, and some very recent work has provided striking new support for the theory. At the same time, other findings have posed specific challenges, especially concerning the (...)
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  • A signal detection theoretic approach for estimating metacognitive sensitivity from confidence ratings.Brian Maniscalco & Hakwan Lau - 2012 - Consciousness and Cognition 21 (1):422-430.
    How should we measure metacognitive sensitivity, i.e. the efficacy with which observers’ confidence ratings discriminate between their own correct and incorrect stimulus classifications? We argue that currently available methods are inadequate because they are influenced by factors such as response bias and type 1 sensitivity . Extending the signal detection theory approach of Galvin, Podd, Drga, and Whitmore , we propose a method of measuring type 2 sensitivity that is free from these confounds. We call our measure meta-d′, which reflects (...)
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  • Self-evaluation of decision-making: A general Bayesian framework for metacognitive computation.Stephen Fleming & Nathaniel Daw - 2017 - Psychological Review 124 (1):91-114.
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  • Metacognition: computation, biology and function.S. M. Fleming, R. J. Dolan & C. D. Frith - unknown
    Many complex systems maintain a self-referential check and balance. In animals, such reflective monitoring and control processes have been grouped under the rubric of metacognition. In this introductory article to a Theme Issue on metacognition, we review recent and rapidly progressing developments from neuroscience, cognitive psychology, computer science and philosophy of mind. While each of these areas is represented in detail by individual contributions to the volume, we take this opportunity to draw links between disciplines, and highlight areas where further (...)
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  • Metacognition: Knowing About Knowing.John F. Metcalfe & P. Shimamura - 1994 - MIT Press.
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