The article examines the transition process in Yemen from the republican regime into a federal. Problems, accompanying this process are discussed. There is a lack of consensus between the factions of the southern movements. According to all indicators Yemen turnrd into a federal state consisting of six regions, four of which are located in the north, and two - in the south. But at this time Southerners continue to express their dissatisfaction with the results of the Conference of the national (...) dialogue, and still demand independence. In our view, the problems lie in the south that their leaders are not united. In the south there are different fractions that converge on a single goal, which is to obtain independence, but their opinions in a way to achieve this goal are different. These differences are not in favor of the South, they need to unite in order to convince the world of the justice of their demands. A central authority uses differences Southerners for their projects, at the same time demonstrating to the international community that the south is not able to be independent in these conditions. (shrink)