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  1. Knowledge and ignorance in Belnap–Dunn logic.Daniil Kozhemiachenko & Liubov Vashentseva - forthcoming - Logic Journal of the IGPL.
    In this paper, we argue that the usual approach to modelling knowledge and belief with the necessity modality |$\Box $| does not produce intuitive outcomes in the framework of the Belnap–Dunn logic (⁠|$\textsf{BD}$|⁠, alias |$\textbf{FDE}$|—first-degree entailment). We then motivate and introduce a nonstandard modality |$\blacksquare $| that formalizes knowledge and belief in |$\textsf{BD}$| and use |$\blacksquare $| to define |$\bullet $| and |$\blacktriangledown $| that formalize the unknown truth and ignorance as not knowing whether, respectively. Moreover, we introduce another modality (...)
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  • Non-contingency in a Paraconsistent Setting.Daniil Kozhemiachenko & Liubov Vashentseva - forthcoming - Logic Journal of the IGPL.
    We study an extension of first-degree entailment (FDE) by Dunn and Belnap with a non-contingency operator |$\blacktriangle \phi $| which is construed as ‘|$\phi $| has the same value in all accessible states’ or ‘all sources give the same information on the truth value of |$\phi $|’. We equip this logic dubbed |$\textbf {K}^\blacktriangle _{\textbf {FDE}}$| with frame semantics and show how the bi-valued models can be interpreted as interconnected networks of Belnapian databases with the |$\blacktriangle $| operator modelling search (...)
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  • From Belnap-Dunn Four-Valued Logic to Six-Valued Logics of Evidence and Truth.Marcelo E. Coniglio & Abilio Rodrigues - 2024 - Studia Logica 112 (3):561-606.
    The main aim of this paper is to introduce the logics of evidence and truth $$LET_{K}^+$$ and $$LET_{F}^+$$ together with sound, complete, and decidable six-valued deterministic semantics for them. These logics extend the logics $$LET_{K}$$ and $$LET_{F}^-$$ with rules of propagation of classicality, which are inferences that express how the classicality operator $${\circ }$$ is transmitted from less complex to more complex sentences, and vice-versa. The six-valued semantics here proposed extends the 4 values of Belnap-Dunn logic with 2 more values (...)
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  • Valuation Semantics for First-Order Logics of Evidence and Truth.H. Antunes, A. Rodrigues, W. Carnielli & M. E. Coniglio - 2022 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 51 (5):1141-1173.
    This paper introduces the logic _Q__L__E__T_ _F_, a quantified extension of the logic of evidence and truth _L__E__T_ _F_, together with a corresponding sound and complete first-order non-deterministic valuation semantics. _L__E__T_ _F_ is a paraconsistent and paracomplete sentential logic that extends the logic of first-degree entailment (_FDE_) with a classicality operator ∘ and a non-classicality operator ∙, dual to each other: while ∘_A_ entails that _A_ behaves classically, ∙_A_ follows from _A_’s violating some classically valid inferences. The semantics of _Q__L__E__T_ (...)
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  • First-order Logics of Evidence and Truth with Constant and Variable Domains.Abilio Rodrigues & Henrique Antunes - 2022 - Logica Universalis 16 (3):419-449.
    The main aim of this paper is to introduce first-order versions of logics of evidence and truth, together with corresponding sound and complete Kripke semantics with variable and constant domains. According to the intuitive interpretation proposed here, these logics intend to represent possibly inconsistent and incomplete information bases over time. The paper also discusses the connections between Belnap-Dunn’s and da Costa’s approaches to paraconsistency, and argues that the logics of evidence and truth combine them in a very natural way.
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