This accessible essay treats knowledge and belief in a usable and applicable way. Many of its basic ideas have been developed recently in Corcoran-Hamid 2014: Investigating knowledge and opinion. The Road to Universal Logic. Vol. I. Arthur Buchsbaum and Arnold Koslow, Editors. Springer. Pp. 95-126. http://www.springer.com/birkhauser/mathematics/book/978-3-319-10192-7 .

Nowadays, we are confronted with important debates concerning “pluralism”, “monism”, “relativism”, and “absolutism” in logic on the one hand, and “combinations of logics”, and “translations of logics into each other”, on the other hand. In a global reaction to the plurality of logics. Some important researches have been done in the framework of an extensive project called “universal logic” with two readings: 1) “universal logic as the general theory of logic” or “universal logic as a general theory of logic”; 2) (...) “universal logic as the comprehensive logic”, or “super-logic”, or “mother logic”, a notion which encompasses all logics and generates them., The author gives a description as well as an explanation of the first reading, enumerating and evaluating the important constituents, fields, approaches, and methods of enquiry within the framework of “universal logic as the general theory of logic”. (shrink)

El artículo revela cómo la filosofía que desarrolló Karl Marx estuvo centrada en el tema de la vida. La esencia de la comprensión marxiana de la sociedad y la historia no radica en una primacía abstracta de lo económico, sino en el proceso real de producción y reproducción de la vida. Es la vida –y no la economía por sí misma– la que constituye el fundamento de la concepción materialista de la historia desarrollada por Marx.