Postcolonial theory, particularly in its poststructuralist variant, presents important challenges to sociology's self-image, and open debate on these attempts to `unsettle' the modernist, Westernized disciplines is both conceptually and politically interesting. However, the postcolonial unsettling of sociology has to be actively extracted and reconstructed from the key texts of postcolonial theory - it is not transparently available as such - and this is the first main goal of the article. Particular attention is paid to the framings of these issues by (...) Stuart Hall, Homi Bhahba and Robert Young. Second, the article offers the elements of a counter-critique, pointing out where the anti-sociological impulses of postcolonialism are exaggerated or unfounded, and also indicating serious internal problems for postcolonial theory when it is pitched as a direct and superior alternative to the modernist sociological `imaginary'. The continuing centrality (and difficulty) of questions on the nature of and purpose of explanatory social theory and postcolonial cultural studies are discussed. (shrink)

تفاوتِ دیدگاه اسلام و مسیحیّت نسبت به ماهیتِ وحی و پیامبر باعث تمایز آشکاری بین این دو دینِ وحیانی شده است. وحی در منابع اسلامی از مقوله قول و گفتار است و متکلمان مسلمان بر این باوراند که خداوند برای «ارتباط با بشر»، با او سخن می‌‌گوید و خود را به‌ واسطۀ زبانی که برای بشر قابلِ فهم است، آشکار می‌‌سازد، اما مسیحیّتِ رایج «وحی» را از مقولۀ فعل و یک واقعه می‌‌داند و معتقد است که خدا برای «ارتباط با (...) بشر» در قالب یک شخصِ ‌انسانی تجسّد پیدا می‌‌کند. مرکز ثقل نازلۀ الاهی در اسلام، قرآن و در مسیحیّت، شخصِ ‌مسیح است. بر اساس این دو نگاه متفاوت به وحی، اسلام را دین «متن‌‌محور» و مسیحیّت را دین «شخص‌محور» می‌‌نامیم. پرسشی که در این‌جا مطرح می‌شود این است که آیا این دو نگاهِ متفاوت به وحی - به لحاظ قوّت استدلال - در یک سطح هستند؟ برای پاسخ به این پرسش لازم است تا ابتدا ‌‌پیش‌فرض‌های هر دیدگاه ‌‌بررسی شود و ‌‌پس از آن به مقایسه میزانِ استدلال‌‌پذیریِ آن‌ها پرداخت و سپس لازم است لوازم هردو دیدگاه را - در حوزه‌های مختلف مانند کلام، نوع دینداری و علومی که پیرامون هر کدام شکل می‌‌گیرد - ارزیابی کرد. (shrink)

This paper explores the character of emotion and its value in understanding ethical dilemmas in work organisations. Specifically, we examine the emotional labour of human resource professionals. Through in-depth interviews and diary study, we uncover the emotional and ethical struggles of HRPs as they search for the ‘right thing to do’ in situated interaction. Through the lens of emotion, we chart the process of how the very framing of what is deemed ‘right’ can move from the social to the moral (...) order and vice versa. Based on our findings, we contribute to understanding the linkages between emotional and ethical dilemmas, and how expectations of multiple ‘others’ at the individual, interpersonal and organisational level shape and constrain ethical choices. (shrink)

Who can still keep a secret in a world in which everyone and everything are connected by technology aimed at charting and cross-referencing people, objects, movements, behaviour, relationships, tastes and preferences? The possibilities to keep a secret have come under severe pressure in the information age. That goes for the individual as well as the state. This development merits attention as secrecy is foundational for individual freedom as well as essential to the functioning of the state. Building on Simmel’s work (...) on secrecy, this paper argues that the individual’s secrets should be saved from the ever-expanding digital transparency. The legitimate function of state secrecy in turn needs rescuing from a culture of secrecy and over-classification that has exploded in recent years. Contrary to popular expectation, the digital revolution adds another layer of secrecy that is increasingly hidden behind the facade of the ‘big usable systems’ we work and play with every day. Our dependence on information systems and their black-boxed algorithmic analytical core leads to a certain degree of Weberian enchantment that may increase the disconnect between the system, user and object. (shrink)

The article reviews the various ramifications in the discussion on leadership, focusing on the view of leadership as relationships between leaders and followers. Three main types of leader-follower relations are discussed, and their specific characteristics are described: regressive relations, symbolic relations, and developmental relations. After analyzing the major implications, as well as the conceptual limitations, of these perspectives, the article suggests directions for a more integrative conceptualization of leader-follower relations.