The article examines some of the conceptual categories currently prevalent both in contemporary French society and in the sociology of the family, relative to the changes in gender relations. It seeks to evaluate the gap between the hypothesis which forms the basis of such conceptualisations – the supposed change in masculine practices – and the actual reality of social reproduction, as evident in the gendered division of labour within the family. The article draws on the evidence about the domestic and (...) parental work carried out by men to be found in national surveys of time-allocation carried out in France and Holland. (shrink)