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  1. Solving the Giant Stars Problem: Theories of Stellar Evolution from The 1930s to The 1950s.Davide Cenadelli - 2010 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 64 (2):203-267.
    Historiography has pointed out that the time between the mid 1910s and the early 1930s can be considered a pivotal period in the history of stellar astrophysics. In those years, scholars like Saha and Eddington first applied atomic physics to astrophysics. Theoretical astrophysics was born. This led to the development of the first physically sound models for stellar interiors and atmospheres. These landmark achievements spurred scholars to elaborate theories for stellar evolutions, and in the following decades several astrophysicists focused on (...)
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  • Explaining Atomic Spectra within Classical Physics: 1897-1913.Bruno Carazza & Nadia Robotti - 2002 - Annals of Science 59 (3):299-320.
    In this paper we analyse the approach to interpreting atomic spectra in the framework of classical physics from the discovery of the electron in 1897 to Bohr's atomic model of 1913. Taken as a whole, efforts in this direction are part of a remarkable intellectual endeavour in which the classical theoretical framework seems to have been exploited to its full potential. By demonstrating the limits and weaknesses of classical physics in solving the problem of spectral emissions, these attempts opened the (...)
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  • Sir John Herschel and the Development of Spectroscopy in Britain.M. A. Sutton - 1974 - British Journal for the History of Science 7 (1):42-60.
    One of the most dramatic advances in the physical sciences during the nineteenth century was the emergence of spectroscopy. It rapidly became an invaluable experimental technique for chemists and astronomers, while for physicists it opened a window upon the world of sub-atomic phenomena. Sir John Herschel played an important part, the value of which has sometimes been underestimated, in the early development of spectroscopy. This paper examines his contribution to the subject during the period 1819–61 in the light of his (...)
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