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  1. Latent variables, psychological constructs, and the prospect of scientific kinds in psychology.Marion Godman & Martin Bellander - forthcoming - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
    In this paper, we consider how latent variables of mainstream quantitative psychology fits with two different models of scientific kinds. On the one hand, there is a good reason to think they fit with taxonomic and predictive success criteria that are popular within an epistemic understanding of scientific kinds. On the other hand, they conflict with widely shared person-based ontological commitments that underwrite psychological kinds because this research rests in large part on between-individual studies. We explore the implications of the (...)
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  • Historical Kinds in the Social World.Muhammad Ali Khalidi - 2024 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 54 (6):463-489.
    This paper makes a distinction between ahistorical causal-functional kinds and historical kinds, which include both type- and token-historical kinds, some of which are “copied kinds.” After showing how these distinctions play out in various social sciences, a number of reasons are put forward for the historical individuation of some social kinds. As in the natural sciences, historical individuation in the social sciences can enable us to infer common causes, explain synchronic causal properties, and discover exceptions to causal regularities, among other (...)
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