Kant's theory of the intuitive intellect has a broad and substantial role in the development and exposition of his critical philosophy. An emphasis on this theory's reception and appropriation on the part of the German idealists has tended to divert attention from Kant's own treatment of the topic. In this essay, I seek an adequate overview of the theory Kant advances in support of his critical enterprise. I examine the nature of the intuitive intellect's object; its epistemic relation to its (...) object; its mode of comprehension; the relationship between these cognitive elements; and I ask which minds Kant regards as intuitive intellects. (shrink)

This essay argues that Kant’s conception of regulative ideas of practical reason introduced in the Critique of Pure Reason serves an important twofold function in his political philosophy. First, Kant’s version of the ideal, Platonic republic acts as the a priori paradigm of a rightful state to which existing regimes can and should conform. Second, Kant frames the regulative status of such practical ideas as a resolution of the conflict between the extremes of dogmatism and skepticism. In his principal political (...) writings from the 1790s—i. e., “Theory and Practice,” “Perpetual Peace,” and the Doctrine of Right—Kant draws on his account of practical ideas in the Critique to articulate a counterfactual norm of popular sovereignty that distinguishes his political standpoint from opponents on the left and the right. Radicals repeat the error of the dogmatists by affirming that the norm of collective self-legislation is completely attainable in experience. By contrast, conservatives make the mistake of the skeptics by denying that rational political standards can be applied to reality at all. I show that Kant reconciles these extremes through his model of gradual, non-violent political reform guided by the regulative ideal of a perfectly self-legislating state. (shrink)

Minha comunicação pretende apresentar um estudo da figura do gênio em Schopenhauer. A preocupação fundamental será a questão da especificidade da obra de arte em Schopenhauer como modo de conhecimento, a saber, “como metafísica do belo”. Nessa via analisaremos a característica própria do gênio em Schopenhauer, buscando estabelecer suas referências ao gênio em Kant, e questionando as afinidades e contrastes entre ambas as concepções. Trata-se de inquirir, por meio da filosofia da arte de Schopenhauer, se o gênio, na concepção pós-kantiana, (...) guarda as mesmas características que as que lhe foram atribuídas por Kant na terceira Crítica. A intenção é a de pesquisar o alcance dessa questão diante da acusação de uma volta de Schopenhauer a uma posição pré-crítica.This presentation consists in a study on the notion of genius in Schopenhauer. To this purpose I concentrate attention on the specificity of the author’s conception of the work of art as a mode of knowledge, i.e., “as a metaphysics of beauty”. Within this scope I analyze the proper characteristic of genius in Schopenhauer’s philosophy, targeting to establish his references to genius as conceived by Kant. Such analysis makes it possible to consider the affinities and contrasts existing between both conceptions, which by its turn allow us to inquire – through Schopenhauer’s philosophy – whether the post-Kantian conception of genius preserves the characteristics that Kant attributed to it in the third Critique. My general intention is to explore the possibilities of this question as one of the keys to evaluate the accusation done to Schopenhauer that he would have retrogressed to a pre-critical position. (shrink)