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  1. Patenting Human Genes: When Economic Interests Trump Logic and Ethics. [REVIEW]Eike-Henner W. Kluge - 2003 - Health Care Analysis 11 (2):119-130.
    To date, over 5,000 applications have been filed with United States Patent Office for patents on human genes. More than 1,500 of these applications have been granted. Other jurisdictions are experiencing a similar rush to mine and protect genomic gold. This paper argues that although many jurisdictions allow the patenting of human genes, this is ethically indefensible and amounts to an unjustified appropriation of a general human heritage. Economic and legal arguments in favour of patenting are considered and rejected. Reference (...)
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  • The ontological status of human DNA: Is it not first and foremost a biological ``file self''?Rogeer Hoedemaekers & Wim Dekkers - 2002 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 23 (4-5):377-395.
    This paper investigates which of the variouslegal notions proposed for human DNA is themost appropriate from an ontological viewpoint – unique legal status, private property, commonproperty, person, or information. The focus is onthe difficulties that private property, commonproperty and person present. By usingHarré''s notion of ``file-self'''' we arguethat, ontologically, the most appropriate legalnotion to be applied is information. This hasconsequences for storage, control and use ofgenetic information as well as identifiablehuman body material.
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  • Individual and Collective Rights in Genomic Data: Preliminary Questions.David Koepsell - 2007 - Journal of Evolution and Technology 16 (1):151.
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