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  1. Le raisonnement expérimental en sociologie. Experimental Reasoning in Sociology.Dominique Raynaud - 2019 - Philosophia Scientiae 23:19-46.
    Unlike the physical sciences, sociology is frequently described as an interpretative non-experimental science. Comparative epistemology sheds new light on this claim. 1. Experimentation is not a constant character of the physical sciences; 2. Experimental hypothetical-deductive reasoning, including the test of predictions, is also practicable in sociology. The argument is developed by a detailed step-wise comparison of the prediction of light ray deviation within the Sun’s gravitational field made in 1919 (physics) and the prediction of 8% cosmopolitanism of Cambridge University between (...)
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  • Schwarzschild Radius Before General Relativity: Why Does Michell-Laplace Argument Provide the Correct Answer? [REVIEW]Giovanni Preti - 2009 - Foundations of Physics 39 (9):1046-1054.
    A famous Newtonian argument by Michell and Laplace, regarding the existence of “dark bodies” and dating back to the end of the 18th century, is able to provide an exact general-relativistic result, namely the exact formula for the Schwarzschild radius. Since general relativity was formulated more than a century after this argument had been issued, it looks quite surprising that such a correct prediction could have been possible. Far from being merely a fortuitous coincidence (as one might justifiably be induced (...)
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  • Structural realism versus deployment realism: A comparative evaluation.Timothy D. Lyons - 2016 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 59:95-105.
    In this paper I challenge and adjudicate between the two positions that have come to prominence in the scientific realism debate: deployment realism and structural realism. I discuss a set of cases from the history of celestial mechanics, including some of the most important successes in the history of science. To the surprise of the deployment realist, these are novel predictive successes toward which theoretical constituents that are now seen to be patently false were genuinely deployed. Exploring the implications for (...)
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  • Albert Einstein and the Doubling of the Deflection of Light.Jean-Marc Ginoux - 2021 - Foundations of Science 27 (3):829-850.
    One of the three consequences of Einstein’s theory of general relativity was the curvature of light passing near a massive body. In 1911, he published a first value of the angle of deflection of light, then a second value in 1915, equal twice the first. In the early 1920s, when he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, a violent controversy broke out over this result. It was then disclosed that the first value he had obtained in 1911 had been calculated (...)
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  • De l'influence de la gravitation sur la propagation de la lumière en théorie newtonienne. L'archéologie des trous noirs.J. Eisenstaedt - 1991 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 42 (4):315-386.
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  • Dark Bodies and Black Holes, Magic Circles and Montgolfiers: Light and Gravitation from Newton to Einstein.Jean Eisenstaedt - 1993 - Science in Context 6 (1):83-106.
    The ArgumentThe question of the possible existence of black holes is closely related to the question of the action of gravitation on the propagation of light. It has been raised recurrently from the when that Newton referred to a possible bending of light in hisOpticks. And it relies on apparently simple questions: Is light subject to gravitation? What is the effect of a gravitational field on the propagation of light? Could a particle of light emitted by a star be retained (...)
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