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  1. I Am Not the Zygote I Came from because a Different Singleton Could Have Come from It.Chunghyoung Lee - 2022 - Philosophical Review 131 (3):295-325.
    Many people believe that human beings begin to exist with the emergence of the 1-cell zygote at fertilization. I present a novel argument against this belief, one based on recently discovered facts about human embryo development. I first argue that a human zygote is developmentally plastic: A zygote that naturally develops into a singleton (i.e., develops into exactly one infant/adult without twinning) might have naturally developed into a numerically different singleton. From this, I derive the conclusion that a human infant (...)
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  • What Happens When the Zygote Divides? On the Metaphysics of Monozygotic Twinning.Jeremy W. Skrzypek - 2024 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 49 (4):336-353.
    It is often argued that certain metaphysical complications surrounding the phenomenon of monozygotic twinning force us to conclude that, prior to the point at which twinning is no longer possible, the zygote or early embryo cannot be considered an individual human organism. In this essay, I argue, on the contrary, that there are in fact several ways of making sense of monozygotic twinning that uphold the humanity of the original zygote, but also that there is no easy answer to what (...)
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