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  1. Embodied Experience, Embodied Advantage, and the Inclusion of Transgender Athletes in Competitive Sport: Expanded Framework, Criticisms, and Policy Recommendations.Francisco Javier Lopez Frias & Cesar R. Torres - 2023 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy:1-21.
    In a previous paper entitled ‘Beyond Physiology: Embodied Experience, Embodied Advantage, and the Inclusion of Transgender Athletes in Competitive Sport,’ we claim that analyses of the inclusion or exclusion of transgender athletes in competitive sport must go beyond physiological criteria and incorporate the notions of embodied experience and embodied advantage. Our stance has recently been challenged as impractical and excessively exclusionary. In this paper, we address these challenges and build upon them to expand on the policy implications of our original (...)
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  • Is sport a human right (for transgender athletes)?Miroslav Imbrišević - 2024 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 19 (1):1-13.
    Over the last decades we have witnessed a proliferation of new human rights claims (e.g. the ‘human right’ to internet access) . But Milan Kundera (1991) reminds us that not all desires are human rights. Trans women athletes (and their supporters) often claim that there is a human right to sport and they derive a further ‘human right’ from this: the right to compete in the sex category with which they identify (i.e. the female category). The purpose of this article (...)
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  • Reply to Imbrišević: Moving Outside the Bubble of Gender Critical Feminism.Michael Burke - 2022 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 17 (2):223-239.
    ABSTRACT Despite the claim in Miroslav Imbrišević’s paper about differences between the positions of Jon Pike and myself, there are also significant overlaps. I endorsed the WR consultative process that Jon was part of, agreed that Jon had produced a compelling argument, and agreed with the lexical framework of the argument. Miroslav’s major contentions with my argument appears to be that it dresses up patriarchal outcomes in feminist clothes, and that it ignores the voices of women [athletes] in coming to (...)
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  • Patriarchy in Disguise: Burke on Pike and World Rugby.Miroslav Imbrišević - 2022 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 1 (1):1-31.
    World Rugby (WR) announced in 2020 that transwomen should not be competing at the elite level because of safety and fairness concerns. WR and Jon Pike, a philosopher of sport advising them, adopted a lexical approach to get a grip on the three values in play: safety, fairness, and inclusion. Previously, governing bodies tried to balance these competing values. Michael Burke recently published a paper taking aim at Pike’s lexical approach. This is a reply to Burke.
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  • Sex and gender in sport categorization: aiming for terminological clarity.Irena Martínková, Taryn Knox, Lynley Anderson & Jim Parry - 2022 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 49 (1):134-150.
    It is difficult to develop good arguments when the central terms of the discussion are unclear – as with the current confused state of sex and gender terminology. Sports organisations and sports re...
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  • Fairness in handicap and championship sport.Nicholas Binney - forthcoming - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport:1-20.
    Two distinct forms of fairness in sport are regularly conflated, which produces confusion in important debates concerning the participation of transgender women in female sporting contests. The distinct forms of fairness arise in two distinct forms of sporting contest: the handicap contest and the championship contest. Handicap contests seek to ‘level the playing field’ by ensuring that all participants have an equal or ‘sporting’, chance of winning. Championship contests seek to find the person or team that is best at a (...)
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  • Ethical Risks of Systematic Menstrual Tracking in Sport.Olivia R. Howe - 2024 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 21 (3):543-557.
    In this article it will be concluded that systematic menstrual tracking in women’s sport has the potential to cause harm to athletes. Since the ruling of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) in the United States, concerns regarding menstrual health tracking have arisen. Research suggests that the menstrual tracking of female athletes presents potential risks to “women’s autonomy, privacy, and safety in sport” (Casto 2022, 1725). At present, the repercussions of systematic menstrual tracking are particularly under-scrutinized, and this paper (...)
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  • Inclusion as the value of eligibility rules in sport.Irena Martínková - 2023 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 50 (3):345-364.
    This paper continues the discussion of three values of sport (safety, fairness, inclusion) that has developed around the theme of inclusion of transwomen in the female category in World Rugby, as discussed by Pike, Burke and Imbrišević. In contrast to their discussion, in which these three values have been seen from the limited perspective of the inclusion of one group of athletes into a specific category of one sport, they are here discussed in the context of the categorization in sport (...)
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  • A just organized youth sport.Cesar R. Torres & Francisco Javier López Frías - 2023 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 50 (1):83-99.
    Organized youth sport has become a prominent activity in Western societies, one around which myriad families structure their daily lives. Despite its popularity, or rather because of it, youth sport is besotted with complex problems. One distinctive set of problems pertains to children’s opportunities to benefit from engagement in sport. Such problems require a reflection on the conditions of justice. The goal of this paper is to explore ethical guidelines to make youth sport more just. The paper begins by characterizing (...)
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