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  1. Concordance as evidence in the Watson for Oncology decision-support system.Aaro Tupasela & Ezio Di Nucci - 2020 - AI and Society 35 (4):811-818.
    Machine learning platforms have emerged as a new promissory technology that some argue will revolutionize work practices across a broad range of professions, including medical care. During the past few years, IBM has been testing its Watson for Oncology platform at several oncology departments around the world. Published reports, news stories, as well as our own empirical research show that in some cases, the levels of concordance over recommended treatment protocols between the platform and human oncologists have been quite low. (...)
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  • AI support for ethical decision-making around resuscitation: proceed with care.Nikola Biller-Andorno, Andrea Ferrario, Susanne Joebges, Tanja Krones, Federico Massini, Phyllis Barth, Georgios Arampatzis & Michael Krauthammer - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (3):175-183.
    Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being used in healthcare, thanks to the high level of performance that these systems have proven to deliver. So far, clinical applications have focused on diagnosis and on prediction of outcomes. It is less clear in what way AI can or should support complex clinical decisions that crucially depend on patient preferences. In this paper, we focus on the ethical questions arising from the design, development and deployment of AI systems to support decision-making around (...)
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  • Watson, autonomy and value flexibility: revisiting the debate.Jasper Debrabander & Heidi Mertes - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (12):1043-1047.
    Many ethical concerns have been voiced about Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs). Special attention has been paid to the effect of CDSSs on autonomy, responsibility, fairness and transparency. This journal has featured a discussion between Rosalind McDougall and Ezio Di Nucci that focused on the impact of IBM’s Watson for Oncology (Watson) on autonomy. The present article elaborates on this discussion in three ways. First, using Jonathan Pugh’s account of rational autonomy we show that how Watson presents its results might (...)
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