This article presents an interview method which enables us to bring a person, who may not even have been trained, to become aware of his or her subjective experience, and describe it with great precision. It is focused on the difficulties of becoming aware of one’s subjective experience and describing it, and on the processes used by this interview technique to overcome each of these difficulties. The article ends with a discussion of the criteria governing the validity of the descriptions (...) obtained, and then with a brief review of the functions of these descriptions. (shrink)

This article is devoted to the description of the experience associated with listening to a sound. In the first part, we describe the method we used to gather descriptions of auditory experience and to analyse these descriptions. This work of explicitation and analysis has enabled us to identify a threefold generic structure of this experience, depending on whether the attention of the subject is directed towards the event which is at the source of the sound, the sound in itself, considered (...) independently from its source, the felt sound. In the second part of the article, we describe this structure. The third part is devoted to a discussion of these results and the paths they open up in various fields of theoretical and applied research. (shrink)

En este trabajo se investigará el modo propio en el que el filósofo Maurice Merleau-Ponty ha utilizado el método fenomenológico. Entender el ser, para él, no es alcanzar una verdad absoluta, reservada a una élite intelectual. Comprender el mundo es, al contrario, bajar, hacer silencio, ponerse al nivel del ser y de una cierta manera ver las cosas desde su perspectiva. Emprender el camino del conocimiento es, pues, descender y observar la existencia desde sus múltiples facetas sin renunciar al trabajo (...) de la inteligencia. Por ello, recorreremos los temas principales que caracterizan la fenomenología del primer Merleau-Ponty desde los fenómenos hasta la historia pasando por la existencia y el otro. (shrink)

RésuméJ'analyse la façon dont Bergson caractérise la logique tel un organe de simplification, de dissimulation, d'ordonnance, de limitation, de systématisation, comme habitude de pensée et comme ontologie foncière. Partout, la logique semble la prérogative de l'entendement et inapte à s'appliquer à la durée, voire à la réalité elle-même. Pour sortir d'un tel dualisme, je montre que Bergson conçoit une logique de l'absurde et de l'imagination, avec le rêve, la folie et le comique, laquelle transmute la logique dans le domaine du (...) pathologique et de l'art littéraire, et offre à l'image une seconde gloire.In this paper, I analyze the sense in which Henri Bergson characterizes logic, which he understands to be a means of simplification, dissimulation, ordering, limitation and systematizing, as well as a habit of thinking and something basically ontological. Overall, logic seems to be the privilege of the understanding; it is unfit to apply itself to duration, or to reality itself. To help us out of such dualism, I show that Bergson — considering dreams, madness, and comedy — conceives of a logic of the imagination and of the absurd that transplants logic into the field of the pathological and literary art, and that offers a second glory to images. (shrink)

This article addresses the problem of the place of philosophy in higher education today through the analysis of a single issue: the standardization of academic writing and its effects on the practice of philosophy and teaching. From the formal analysis of the academic “paper”, as the unique pattern of production and evaluation of current research, this article evaluates its impact on the relationship between thinking, writing and education. It concludes that standardization of writing in the globally homologated university, leads to (...) a stifling of thought not only in philosophy but in all areas of knowledge. At the same time gives us the key to diagnose and locate, in each of these areas, what are the spaces of the non-negotiable from which we must rethink our relationship with education and thinking inside and outside the university. (shrink)

Le mathématicien au travail sait faire un geste que l'on appelle la« pulsation mathématique», qui s'exprime en tennes de bougé créatif nécessaire dans les diagrammes de pensée et d'interprétation des écrits mathématiques. Dans cette perspective Je statut d'objet est définitivement en révision, sous condition du jeu des relations. Le but ici est de construire aujourd'hui cette pulsation à partir de ce que Bachelard proposait hier comme épistémologie, aussi bien de la mathématique que de la science dite physique mathématique. Les liens (...) entre la pensée bachelardienne et les propositions plus récentes de Gilles Châtelet, Charles Alunni, ou René Guitart, sont mis en relief ainsi que ceux d'autres auteurs comme Jacques Lacan, Arthur Koestler, Alfred N. Whitehead, Charles S. Peirce. Nous proposons que le travail mathématique soit pensable comme du mouvement dans l'espace des diagrammes, du bougé pulsatif en icelui, et que cette manière de voir soit éminemment compatible avec la vue bacheJardienne suivant laquelle la forme intellectuelle précède l'objet empirique, lequel provient in fine, comme d'une concrétion de la pulsation de la pensée. Nous terminons donc sur un schème catégoricien de la pulsation. (shrink)

This article calls for a rethinking of critical sociology. Representing classical critical sociology, the Bourdieusian paradigm illustrated domination, but its negative foundation removed actors’ power, privileging sociological knowledge as capable of identifying (social) transcendental categories of thought. Latour’s constructivism challenged this privilege, giving actors the political power of aggregating collectives around their common concerns at the cost of emphasizing domination and critique. We propose a critical approach that evades a transcendental perspective reliant on pure negation, producing a more positive critical (...) sociology founded on processualist phenomenological and pragmatic perspectives, principally Merleau-Ponty and Dewey. Actors and researchers can collectively ruminate on their perspectives and concerns to challenge power structures and transform their worlds. At the center of this is the social-mien, a creative reimagination of habitus. A brief discussion of the protests and scholarship surrounding the Notre-Dame-des-Landes activists’ practice of democracy highlights the utility of the approach and serves as a model for future application. (shrink)

Este trabalho pretende comentar a doutrina que Merleau-Ponty expõe, em seus distintos períodos, sobre o que caracteriza a obra clássica e sua interpretação. Aponta-se como pressupostos dessa doutrina a admissão de uma certa filosofia da linguagem, bem como de uma particular teoria da produtividade. Em função disso, pergunta-se se, efetivamente, foi feita, ali, uma crítica radical da "filosofia da consciência", como usualmente se supõe.  .