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  1. What do players do in a game? A Habermasian perspective.Xiaolin Zhang, Emily Ryall & Andrew Edgar - 2023 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 50 (3):311-328.
    By adopting Habermas’ communicative theory, this paper categorizes players’ actions into four elements. The strategic action involves players manipulating each other within the framework of a gameFootnote1; normative action is manifested in following the rules and the underlying ethos; dramaturgical action emerges through the players’ deliberate presentation of themselves to both participants and spectators; and communicative action reveals the purpose of a game as a way of being. The conceptualization of game actions leads to a qualitative redefinition of the perfect (...)
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