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  1. Ethical considerations and concerns in the implementation of AI in pharmacy practice: a cross-sectional study.Hisham E. Hasan, Deema Jaber, Omar F. Khabour & Karem H. Alzoubi - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-11.
    Background Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare has raised significant ethical concerns. In pharmacy practice, AI offers promising advances but also poses ethical challenges. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in countries from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region on 501 pharmacy professionals. A 12-item online questionnaire assessed ethical concerns related to the adoption of AI in pharmacy practice. Demographic factors associated with ethical concerns were analyzed via SPSS v.27 software using appropriate statistical tests. Results Participants expressed concerns (...)
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  • Public perceptions of artificial intelligence in healthcare: ethical concerns and opportunities for patient-centered care.Kaila Witkowski, Ratna Okhai & Stephen R. Neely - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-11.
    Background In an effort to improve the quality of medical care, the philosophy of patient-centered care has become integrated into almost every aspect of the medical community. Despite its widespread acceptance, among patients and practitioners, there are concerns that rapid advancements in artificial intelligence may threaten elements of patient-centered care, such as personal relationships with care providers and patient-driven choices. This study explores the extent to which patients are confident in and comfortable with the use of these technologies when it (...)
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  • Hammer or Measuring Tape? Artificial Intelligence and Justice in Healthcare.Jan-Hendrik Heinrichs - 2024 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 33 (3):311-322.
    Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful tool for several healthcare tasks. AI tools are suited to optimize predictive models in medicine. Ethical debates about AI’s extension of the predictive power of medical models suggest a need to adapt core principles of medical ethics. This article demonstrates that a popular interpretation of the principle of justice in healthcare needs amendment given the effect of AI on decision-making. The procedural approach to justice, exemplified with Norman Daniels and James Sabin’s accountability for reasonableness (...)
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  • Machine learning models, trusted research environments and UK health data: ensuring a safe and beneficial future for AI development in healthcare.Charalampia Kerasidou, Maeve Malone, Angela Daly & Francesco Tava - 2023 - Journal of Medical Ethics 49 (12):838-843.
    Digitalisation of health and the use of health data in artificial intelligence, and machine learning (ML), including for applications that will then in turn be used in healthcare are major themes permeating current UK and other countries’ healthcare systems and policies. Obtaining rich and representative data is key for robust ML development, and UK health data sets are particularly attractive sources for this. However, ensuring that such research and development is in the public interest, produces public benefit and preserves privacy (...)
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  • Navigating the uncommon: challenges in applying evidence-based medicine to rare diseases and the prospects of artificial intelligence solutions.Olivia Rennie - 2024 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 27 (3):269-284.
    The study of rare diseases has long been an area of challenge for medical researchers, with agonizingly slow movement towards improved understanding of pathophysiology and treatments compared with more common illnesses. The push towards evidence-based medicine (EBM), which prioritizes certain types of evidence over others, poses a particular issue when mapped onto rare diseases, which may not be feasibly investigated using the methodologies endorsed by EBM, due to a number of constraints. While other trial designs have been suggested to overcome (...)
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  • Beyond ideals: why the (medical) AI industry needs to motivate behavioural change in line with fairness and transparency values, and how it can do it.Alice Liefgreen, Netta Weinstein, Sandra Wachter & Brent Mittelstadt - 2024 - AI and Society 39 (5):2183-2199.
    Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly relied upon by clinicians for making diagnostic and treatment decisions, playing an important role in imaging, diagnosis, risk analysis, lifestyle monitoring, and health information management. While research has identified biases in healthcare AI systems and proposed technical solutions to address these, we argue that effective solutions require human engagement. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on how to motivate the adoption of these solutions and promote investment in designing AI systems that align with values (...)
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