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  1. The Product of Practices: How Natural History and Mathematical Physics Gave Meaning to Cartography’s Depth Contour Lines.Jip van Besouw - 2024 - Isis 115 (2):354-375.
    In 1730, the Dutch cartographer and meteorological observer Nicolaas Samuel Cruquius constructed a spectacular map of the river Merwede. Cruquius’s map is celebrated as one of the earliest to use lines of equal depth—or indeed any type of contour lines. So far, however, the secondary literature has paid no attention to why Cruquius created these lines or to the knowledge involved in his innovation. This essay makes three related points. First, Cruquius intentionally used lines representing equal depth in an entirely (...)
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