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Leibniz holds that we cannot give an account of the synchronic and diachronic identity of a person without appealing to a substance. This paper analyses his reasons for this anti-Lockean thesis. It first looks at his theory of substance, paying particular attention to his commitment to the Principle of Sufficient Reason: the existence of a well-ordered series of mental states cannot be sufficiently explained without reference to a substance. The paper then examines the distinction Leibniz draws between the substance as (...) |
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Verbunden mit dem drohenden Verlust von kognitiven Kapazitäten und der Veränderung der eigenen Persönlichkeit, ist zu vermuten, dass bei Demenzerkrankungen ein Sinnverlust vom Erkrankten befürchtet wird. Es ist Aufgabe dieses Papers aufzuklären, was es mit einer solch meist diffus empfundenen Angst auf sich hat. Dazu wird ein Deutungsangebot gemacht, das auf die Sinnkonzeption Susan Wolfs zurückgreift. Es wird gezeigt, dass es möglich ist, bis zu einem gewissen Grad der Demenz ein sinnvolles Leben zu führen – ein Leben, bei dem subjektiv (...) |
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Ethical evaluation of deep brain stimulation as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease is complicated by results that can be described as involving changes in the patient’s identity. The risk of becoming another person following surgery is alarming for patients, caregivers and clinicians alike. It is one of the most urgent conceptual and ethical problems facing deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease at this time. In our paper we take issue with this problem on two accounts. First, we elucidate what is (...) |
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A human right to freedom of religion is not equivalent to a right to tolerance. Human rights and tolerance-rules serve for different purposes and are based on different justifications. Tolerance-rules serve to protect a peaceful living together with strangers who share no common values. Human rights serve to protect every individual’s personhood. Religion can only be a matter of human rights, if and so far as it is a condition of development and maintenance of personhood. Discussion about a human right (...) |
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In this essay I argue for the thesis that human dignity and quality of life assessments are generally incompatible cannot be plausibly justified. In explaining my thesis, I invoke two different conceptions of assessing the quality of life, and I also propose definitions of human dignity and personal autonomy, which do justice to modern secular and pluralistic societies. The thesis is illustrated by considerung preimplantation diagnostics as an example. |
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Die ethischen Fragen der Volksgesundheit treten zunehmend in den Blickpunkt der biomedizinischen Ethik und des gesellschaftlichen Diskurses. In diesem Beitrag werden zentrale Hindernisse, die einer fruchtbaren Erörterung dieser Fragestellung im Wege stehen, identifiziert. Anschließend wird ein normativer Rahmen skizziert, innerhalb dessen sich eine Ethik der Volksgesundheit erfolgreich entwickeln lässt. |
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