To explore issues of developmental structure, physical em- bodiment, integration of multiple sensory and motor systems, and social interaction, we have constructed an upper-torso humanoid robot called Cog. The robot has twenty-one degrees of freedom and a variety of sen- sory systems, including visual, auditory, vestibular, kinesthetic, and tac- tile senses. This chapter gives a background on the methodology that we have used in our investigations, highlights the research issues that have been raised during this project, and provides a summary (...) of both the current state of the project and our long-term goals. We report on a variety of implemented visual-motor routines (smooth-pursuit track- ing, saccades, binocular vergence, and vestibular-ocular and opto-kinetic re?exes), orientation behaviors, motor control techniques, and social be- haviors (pointing to a visual target, recognizing joint attention through face and eye ?nding, imitation of head nods, and regulating interaction through expressive feedback). We further outline a number of areas for future research that will be necessary to build a complete embodied sys- tem. (shrink)