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  1. Adaptation and the Importance of Local Culture: Creating a Research School at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.Ronald Rainger - 2003 - Journal of the History of Biology 36 (3):461 - 500.
    In the 1930s and 1940s a research school developed among scientists at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California. Although that was due in large part to Harald U. Sverdrup, a prominent Norwegian oceanographer who served as Scripps director from 1936 to 1948, this paper emphasizes the adaptive, evolving character of that research school. Conditions at Scripps prior to Sverdrup's arrival influenced his efforts in successfully organizing a group of scientists. Once at Scripps Sverdrup proved to be an (...)
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  • The devil is in the (historical) details: Continental drift as a case of normatively appropriate consensus?Naomi Oreskes - 2008 - Perspectives on Science 16 (3):pp. 253-264.
    In Social Empiricism, Miriam Solomon proposes a via media between traditional philosophical realism and social construction of scientific knowledge, but ignores a large body of historical literature that has attempted to plough just that path. She also proposes a standard for normatively appropriate consensus that, arguably, no theory in the history of science has ever achieved, including her own ideal type—plate tectonics. And while valorizing dissent, she fails to consider how dissent has been used in recent decades as a political (...)
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