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  1. Multispecies Networks: Visualizing the Psychological Research of the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex.Michael Pettit, Darya Serykh & Christopher D. Green - 2015 - Isis 106 (1):121-149.
    ABSTRACT In our current moment, there is considerable interest in networks, in how people and things are connected. This essay outlines one approach that brings together insights from actor-network theory, social network analysis, and digital history to interpret past scientific activity. Multispecies network analysis (MNA) is a means of understanding the historical interactions among scientists, institutions, and preferred experimental animals. A reexamination of studies of sexual behavior funded by the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex between the 1920s and (...)
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  • The uses of trauma in experiment: Traumatic stress and the history of experimental neurosis, c. 1925–1975.Ulrich Koch - 2019 - Science in Context 32 (3):327-351.
    ArgumentThe article retraces the shifting conceptualizations of psychological trauma in experimental psychopathological research in the middle decades of the twentieth century in the United States. Among researchers studying so-called experimental neuroses in animal laboratories, trauma was an often-invoked category used to denote the clash of conflicting forces believed to lead to neurotic suffering. Experimental psychologists, however, soon grew skeptical of the traumatogenic model and ultimately came to reject neurosis as a disease entity. Both theoretical differences and practical circumstances, such as (...)
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  • The art of growing old: environmental manipulation, physiological rhythms, and the advent of Microcebus murinus as a primate model of aging.Lucie Gerber - 2020 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 42 (2):1-29.
    In the early 1990s, Microcebus murinus, a small primate endemic to Madagascar, emerged as a potential animal model for the study of aging and Alzheimer’s disease. This paper traces the use of the lesser mouse lemur in research on aging and associated neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on a basic material precondition that made this possible, namely, the conversion of a wild animal into an experimental organism that lives, breeds, and survives in the laboratory. It argues that the “old” mouse lemur model (...)
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  • On Conditioned Rats and Stressed Workmen.Bernd Gausemeier - 2019 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 27 (3):311-341.
    Die Entstehung von Herz- und Kreislaufkrankheiten durch Stress, das heißt psychosoziale Belastungen, war in den 1960er und 1970er Jahren ein bestimmendes Element des internationalen medizinischen Diskurses. In diesem Artikel wird eine ostdeutsche Variante des Stressdiskurses thematisiert, die von Rudolf Baumann und seinen Mitarbeitern am Institut für kortiko-viszerale Pathologie und Therapie in Berlin-Buch entwickelt wurde. Die Gruppe versuchte, ebenso einen dezidiert materialistischen Zugang zum Problem psychosozial bedingter Krankheiten zu entwickeln wie Therapie- und Präventionskonzepte, die sich in das sozialistische Gesundheitssystem einfügten. Zugleich (...)
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  • Von konditionierten Ratten und gestressten Werktätigen: Rudolf Baumann und der Stress- und Umweltdiskurs in der DDR.Bernd Gausemeier - 2019 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 27 (3):311-341.
    ZusammenfassungDie Entstehung von Herz- und Kreislaufkrankheiten durch Stress, das heißt psychosoziale Belastungen, war in den 1960er und 1970er Jahren ein bestimmendes Element des internationalen medizinischen Diskurses. In diesem Artikel wird eine ostdeutsche Variante des Stressdiskurses thematisiert, die von Rudolf Baumann und seinen Mitarbeitern am Institut für kortiko-viszerale Pathologie und Therapie in Berlin-Buch entwickelt wurde. Die Gruppe versuchte, ebenso einen dezidiert materialistischen Zugang zum Problem psychosozial bedingter Krankheiten zu entwickeln wie Therapie- und Präventionskonzepte, die sich in das sozialistische Gesundheitssystem einfügten. Zugleich (...)
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  • Building Transnational Bodies: Norway and the International Development of Laboratory Animal Science, ca. 1956–1980.Tone Druglitrø & Robert G. W. Kirk - 2014 - Science in Context 27 (2):333-357.
    ArgumentThis article adopts a historical perspective to examine the development of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, an auxiliary field which formed to facilitate the work of the biomedical sciences by systematically improving laboratory animal production, provision, and maintenance in the post Second World War period. We investigate how Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine co-developed at the local level (responding to national needs and concerns) yet was simultaneously transnational in orientation (responding to the scientific need that knowledge, practices, objects and animals (...)
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  • Making Organisms Model Human Behavior: Situated Models in North-American Alcohol Research, since 1950.Rachel A. Ankeny, Sabina Leonelli, Nicole C. Nelson & Edmund Ramsden - 2014 - Science in Context 27 (3):485-509.
    ArgumentWe examine the criteria used to validate the use of nonhuman organisms in North-American alcohol addiction research from the 1950s to the present day. We argue that this field, where the similarities between behaviors in humans and non-humans are particularly difficult to assess, has addressed questions of model validity by transforming the situatedness of non-human organisms into an experimental tool. We demonstrate that model validity does not hinge on the standardization of one type of organism in isolation, as often the (...)
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