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How Diagrams Can Support Syllogistic Reasoning: An Experimental Study

Yuri Sato & Koji Mineshima

Journal of Logic, Language and Information 24 (4):409-455 (2015)

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Real Objects Can Impede Conditional Reasoning but Augmented Objects Do Not.Yuri Sato, Yutaro Sugimoto & Kazuhiro Ueda - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (2):691-707.details In this study, Knauff and Johnson-Laird's visual impedance hypothesis is applied to the domain of external representations and diagrammatic reasoning. We show that the use of real objects and augmented real objects can control human interpretation and reasoning about conditionals. As participants made inferences, they also moved objects corresponding to premises. Participants who moved real objects made more invalid inferences than those who moved AR objects and those who did not manipulate objects. Our results showed that real objects impeded conditional (...) Download Export citation Bookmark
Can Negation Be Depicted? Comparing Human and Machine Understanding of Visual Representations.Yuri Sato, Koji Mineshima & Kazuhiro Ueda - 2023 - Cognitive Science 47 (3):e13258.details There is a widely held view that visual representations (images) do not depict negation, for example, as expressed by the sentence, “the train is not coming.” The present study focuses on the real-world visual representations of photographs and comic (manga) illustrations and empirically challenges the question of whether humans and machines, that is, modern deep neural networks, can recognize visual representations as expressing negation. By collecting data on the captions humans gave to images and analyzing the occurrences of negation phrases, (...) Download Export citation Bookmark
Presence and Absence of Individuals in Diagrammatic Logics: An Empirical Comparison.Gem Stapleton, Andrew Blake, Jim Burton & Anestis Touloumis - 2017 - Studia Logica 105 (4):787-815.details The development of diagrammatic logics is strongly motivated by the desire to make formal reasoning accessible to broad audiences. One major research problem, for which surprisingly little progress has been made, is to understand how to choose between semantically equivalent diagrams from the perspective of human cognition. The particular focus of this paper is on choosing between diagrams that represent either the presence or absence of individuals. To understand how to best make this choice, we conducted an empirical study. We (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 1 citation
Strategy Analysis of Non-consequence Inference with Euler Diagrams.Yuri Sato, Yuichiro Wajima & Kazuhiro Ueda - 2018 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 27 (1):61-77.details How can Euler diagrams support non-consequence inferences? Although an inference to non-consequence, in which people are asked to judge whether no valid conclusion can be drawn from the given premises, is one of the two sides of logical inference, it has received remarkably little attention in research on human diagrammatic reasoning; how diagrams are really manipulated for such inferences remains unclear. We hypothesized that people naturally make these inferences by enumerating possible diagrams, based on the logical notion of self-consistency, in (...) Download Export citation Bookmark

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