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  1. A proto-Normal Star Almanac dating to the reign of Artaxerxes III: BM 65156.John Steele - 2020 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 74 (3):243-253.
    Babylonian methods for predicting planetary phenomena using the so-called goal-year periods are well known. Texts known as Goal-Year Texts contain collections of the observational data needed to make predictions for a given year. The predictions were then recorded in Normal Star Almanacs and Almanacs. Large numbers of Goal-Year Texts, Normal Star Almanacs and Almanacs are attested from the early third century BC onward. A small number of texts dating from before the third century present procedures for using the goal-year periods (...)
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  • The new moon interval NA and the beginning of the Babylonian month.John Steele - 2024 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 78 (3):245-270.
    This study examines Babylonian records of the new moon interval NA (sunset to moonset on the day of first lunar visibility) and the connection of this interval to the length of the moon. I show that the NA intervals in the Normal Star Almanacs were computed using the goal-year method and were then used in turn to predict the lengths of each month of the year. I further argue that these predicted month lengths, adjusted occasionally on the basis of observation (...)
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