All the attempts to find the justification of the privileged evolution of phenomena exclusively in the external world need to refer to the inescapable fact that we are living in such an asymmetric universe. This leads us to look for the origin of the “arrow of time” in the relationship between the subject and the world. The anthropic argument shows that the arrow of time is the condition of the possibility of emergence and maintenance of life in the universe. Moreover, (...) according to Bohr’s, Poincaré’s and Watanabe’s analysis, this agreement between the earlier-later direction of entropy increase and the past-future direction of life is the very condition of the possibility for meaningful action, representation and creation. Beyond this relationship of logical necessity between the meaning process and the arrow of time the question of their possible physical connection is explored. To answer affirmatively to this question, the meaning process is modelled as an evolving tree-like structure, called “Semantic Time”, where thermodynamic irreversibility can be shown. (shrink)

In the early eighties, answering a question of A. Macintyre, J. H. Schmerl ([13]) proved that every countable recursively saturated structure, equipped with a functionβencoding the finite functions, is theβ-closure of an infinite indiscernible sequence. This result implies that every countably saturated structure, in a countable but not necessarily recursive language, is an Ehrenfeucht-Mostowski model, by which we mean that the structureexpands, in a countable language, to the Skolem hull of an infinite indiscernible sequence (in the new language).More recently, D. (...) Lascar ([5]) showed that the saturated model of cardinality ℵ1of anω-stable theory is also an Ehrenfeucht-Mostowski model.These results naturally raise the following problem: which (countable) complete theories have an uncountably saturated Ehrenfeucht-Mostowski model. We study a generalization of this question. Namely, we call ACI-model a structure which can be expanded, in a countable languageL′, to the algebraic closure (inL′) of an infinite indiscernible sequence (inL′). And we try to characterize theλ-saturated structures which are ACI-models.The main results are the following. First it is enough to restrict ourselves to ℵ1-saturated structures:if T has anℵ1-saturated ACI-model then, for every infinite λ, T has a λ-saturated ACI-model. We obtain a complete answer in the case of stable theories:if T is stable then the three following properties are equivalent: (a)T is ω-stable, (b)T has an ℵ1-saturated ACI-model, (c)every saturated model of T is an Ehrenfeucht-Mostowski model. The unstable case is more complicated, however we show thatif T has an ℵ1-saturated ACI-model then T doesn't have the independence property. (shrink)

L’expérience (post)socialiste interpelle la pensée féministe, depuis la définition du sujet collectif des luttes à la variabilité des pratiques émancipatrices et à la diversité des modes de renouvellement et de transmission du militantisme pour les droits des femmes. Après avoir défini l’espace « est-européen » de référence, l’article développe cette idée en trois temps. Il s’agit de revenir d’abord sur les legs des régimes socialistes en matière d’avancement de l’égalité des sexes et sur le traitement réservé à ces efforts étatiques (...) dans la production intellectuelle postérieure à leur effondrement ; de se pencher ensuite sur les mobilisations féministes postsocialistes et sur l’émergence de répertoires académiques, militants et experts appuyés sur le langage internationalisé du « genre » ; enfin, d’évoquer des évolutions récentes qui témoignent de la résurgence du référentiel « est-européen » sous forme de solidarités transnationales répondant aux défis posés par les régimes « illibéraux » et la globalisation néolibérale. (shrink)

This article explores the work of Pedro de Valencia (1555-1620) with the purpose of establishing his philosophical allegiances. On the basis of his only published work, theAcademicaof 1596, widely circulated and translated into French twice in the eighteenth century, some authors have assumed that he was an Academic skeptic. On the basis of his translations of Dio Chrysostome and Epictetus and other manuscripts in imitation of the literature of retirement of Greek cynicism, others have taken him for a cynic. Placing (...) this work in the context of his other manuscripts on social and economic issues from the price of bread to the burning of witches ; his serious Biblical scholarship and polemics ; and his work as Royal Chronicler in the years 1606-1620, his writings on ancient skepticism and cynicism begin to look like little more than the scholarly exercises of a late humanist. Skepticism and cynicism were rendered harmless as only a part —-and a relatively small part—- of the arsenal of scholarly skills and philosophical sympathies of this knowledgeable and influential early modern scholar. (shrink)