We describe and analyze an important cognitive obstacle in inter- and intra-community ar-gumentation processes, which we propose to call 'Cognitive Systemic Dichotomization'. This social phenomenon consists in the collective use of shared cognitive patterns based upon dichotomous schemati-zation of knowledge, values, and affection. We discuss the formative role of CSD on a community’s collec-tive cognition, identity, and public discourse, as well as the challenges it raises to reasoned argumentation, and how different approaches to argumentation undertake to face this obstacle to (...) the reasonable debate of issues of public concern. (shrink)

The thesis of the paper holds that some future developments of argumentation theory may be inspired by the rich logico-methodological legacy of the Lvov–Warsaw School (LWS), the Polish research movement that was most active from 1895 to 1939. As a selection of ideas of the LWS which exploit both formal and pragmatic aspects of the force of argument, we present: Ajdukiewicz’s account of reasoning and inference, Bocheński’s analyses of superstitions or dogmas, and Frydman’s constructive approach to legal interpretation. This paper (...) does not aim at exhaustive elaboration of any of these topics or their usefulness in current discussions within argumentation theory. Rather, we intend to indicate chosen directions of a potentially fruitful research program for the emerging Polish School of Argumentation which would consist in application of methods and conceptions elaborated by the LWS to selected open problems of contemporary research on argumentation. (shrink)

El presente artículo aborda el tópico ‘racionalidad’ en la versión estándar del enfoque pragmadialéctico (PD) de argumentación, que pretende superar la dicotomía, entre los aspectos normativo y descriptivo, existente en los estudios sobre argumentación. Se señala que la pragmadialéctica asume ciertos postulados popperianos al conceptualizar su noción de racionalidad, y dado que también incluye elementos de filósofos como Searle y Grice, se indaga si las ideas de racionalidad de estos filósofos están presentes en el compromiso con la racionalidad de los (...) pragmadialécticos. Por otra parte se da cuenta de algunos nexos entre el pensamiento aristotélico y los tres filósofos señalados con el fin de aclarar la concepción que tienen los pragmadialécticos acerca de la racionalidad, estimulando así un regreso enriquecedor a las fuentes de la argumentación. (shrink)