The present paper has a double aim: it attempts to present an aspect of Plotinus’ philosophical and hermeneutical methodology on the basis of relevant remarks in the treatise “On Eternity and Time”; it seeks to connect this attitude with contemporary methodological questions concerning the relation between philosophy and history of philosophy. After an introduction where it is emphasized that the term “Neo-Platonism” is of recent coinage, I exploit David Sedley’s remarks regarding the function of ancient philosophical schools: the quest for (...) the “correct” interpretation of the school’s founder as a philosophical enterprise in itself is not an exclusively Neoplatonic characteristic. Nonetheless, the example of Plotinus’ Enneads III.7, owing to the complexity of its theme, shows that Plotinus does not pay attention only to the Platonic teachings regarding eternity and time, but also to all the other philosophical schools’ theories, including the Epicurean. The aim is the ascertainment of the truth inherent in them and its apt interpretation. Hence, I follow Steven K. Strange, who relates the Plotinian methodology to Aristotle’s endoxic method. After a presentation of similarities and differences between the two philosophers, I conclude that the problematic features posed by several philosophical theories are resolved via an innovative Plotinian reading of Plato. Thus, the non-Platonic theories play a role in the more adequate interpretation of Plato, which is identified with the successful answer to the philosophical problems. This fact makes us wonder as to the best characterization of Plotinus’ enterprise: philosophy or history of philosophy? Although the question is somehow anachronistic, Plotinus gives an explicit response in his aforementioned tractate: to the extent that he is interested in solving philosophical problems, rather than compiling a “catalogue” of past philosophical positions, his enterprise is not historical, but philosophical. Two final corollaries stem from this: to a certain extent, the previous enunciation explains the Neoplatonic reading of Plato; it teaches us that the difference between philosophizing and a historical treatment of philosophy does not lie only on the content, but also on the manner according to which the interpreter approaches past or contemporary philosophers. (shrink)

***Platão ou Platonismo. Um tópico em dialética descendente***A ontologia dialética pode ser reconstruída percorrendo dois caminhos complementares. A via ascendente parte da influência da ontologia de Platão, mediada por Nicolau de Cusa, sobre Bertalanffy, o fundador da teoria de sistemas. Esta abordagem teórica, uma vez convergindo com o darwinismo, dará nascimento à teoria dos sistemas adaptativos complexos e logo se espalhará pelas diversas ciências, transmudando-se de uma ontologia regional em parte relevante de uma nova ontologia geral. O caminho descendente, a (...) via eminentemente filosófica, também parte de dois ramos distintos que, ao final, convergem: por um lado, esta via conduz da teoria das ideias de Platão ao idealismo alemão e à crítica imanente ao sistema de Hegel ; por outro lado, e este será nosso tópico principal no presente ensaio, ela investiga o impacto decisivo do desenvolvimento autocrítico da filosofia de Platão sobre o projeto de uma ontologia relacional deflacionária ou, simplesmente, uma ontologia de redes. (shrink)