This study aims to provide a glimpse into 17th–century Zhuāngzǐ (莊子; ca. 4th through 3rd century BCE) studies by introducing the works of Hānshān Déqīng (憨山德清; 1546–1623), Wáng Fūzhī (王夫之; 1619–1692), and Lín Yúnmíng (林雲銘; 1628–1697). These works give a sense of the diversity of approaches to Zhuāngzǐ at this time. All three works have received much attention in Sinophone Zhuāngzǐ studies but only limited attention in the Anglosphere. Indeed, this is the first monograph on the Zhuāngzǐ studies of any (...) of these three thinkers in the English language. Thus, the reader, general or specialist, can gain insight into how the work was read in important culturally–relevant contexts. (shrink)