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“Nothing in Nature Is Naturally a Statue”: William of Ockham on Artifacts

Metaphysics 1 (1):88-96 (2018)

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A Vitalist Shoal in the Mechanist Tide: Art, Nature, and 17th-Century Science.Jonathan Shaheen - 2022 - Philosophies 7 (5):111.details This paper reconstructs Margaret Cavendish’s theory of the metaphysics of artifacts. It situates her anti-mechanist account of artifactual production and the art-nature distinction against a background of Aristotelian, Scholastic, and mechanist theories. Within this broad context, it considers what Cavendish thinks artisans can actually do, grounding her terminological stipulation that there is no genuine generation in nature in a commitment to natural and artistic production as the mere rearrangement of bodies. Bodies themselves are identified, in a conceptually Ockhamist manner, with (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 1 citation
Being Wholly Here and Partially There: John Buridan vs Nicole Oresme on the Soul’s Presence in the Body.Sylvain Roudaut - forthcoming - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie.details This paper studies the theories defended by John Buridan and Nicole Oresme on the presence of the soul in the body, with a special focus on the interpretation of the Augustinian principle – or ‘holenmeric’ principle – according to which the soul is in the whole body and is wholly present in every part of it. The first part of the paper introduces the different types of composition involved in the medieval discussions over the soul and its parts and shows (...) Download Export citation Bookmark
Kingdoms and crowds: William Ockham on the ontology of social groups.Jenny Pelletier - 2021 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 29 (1):24-44.details ABSTRACT This paper reconstructs William of Ockham's (c. 1287–1347) account of the ontology of social groups. Across his writings, Ockham mentions kingdoms, religious orders, crowds, people, armies, and corporations. Using the political community as a case-study against the background of Ockham’s metaphysics of parts and wholes, it is argued that at least some social groups are identical to a plurality of many human beings who have decided to order themselves with respect to another in some particular way. In this regard, (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 1 citation
Kingdoms and crowds: William Ockham on the ontology of social groups.Jenny Pelletier - 2020 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 29 (1):24-44.details This paper reconstructs William of Ockham's account of the ontology of social groups. Across his writings, Ockham mentions kingdoms, religious orders, crowds, people, armies, and cor... Download Export citation Bookmark 1 citation
Getting Real: Ockham on the Human Contribution to the Nature and Production of Artifacts.Jenny Pelletier - 2022 - Philosophies 7 (5):90.details Given his known predilection for ontological parsimony, Ockham’s ontology of artifacts is unsurprisingly reductionist: artifacts are nothing over and above their existing and appropriately ordered parts. However, the case of artifacts is notable in that they are real objects that human artisans produce by bringing about a real change: they spatially rearrange existing natural thing(s) or their parts for the sake of some end. This article argues that the human contribution to the nature and production of artifacts is two-fold: (1) (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 2 citations
The Medieval Problem of the Productivity of Art.Kamil Majcherek - 2022 - Philosophies 7 (5):101.details This paper is focused on one of the key questions constituting the medieval debate about the ontological status of artefacts, which has to do with the productivity of art. We ordinarily speak about artefacts, such as statues or chairs, as produced by their artificers, and Aristotle describes art in general as a productive habit. In the first part of the paper, I look at how the proponents of the realist view of artefacts argue that the productivity of art can only (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 1 citation

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