Dissertation, University of Delhi (
2020)
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Abstract
There are different ways to study feminism. One of the ways is to study it by analyzing
the waves of feminism. Though there are differences of opinion on how many waves of
feminism have been so far, we would like to hold on to the generally accepted view that there are
four waves of feminism so far and we try to research into one of the hallmarks of the fourth
wave feminism, feminist hashtag. Though some people consider hashtags
momentary and frenzy, it’s a platform for feminist epistemology and feminist policy
making. Moreover, it assists the development of social epistemology and reconsiders the
notion of objectivity.
The representative slogans of the first three waves of feminism were like the precursors of
hashtags and the spokeswomen of the first three waves of feminism present the necessity
of space for writing. The fourth-wave feminists make use of cyberspace as a space
for addressing feminist concerns through hashtags. However, we recognize certain
similarities of concerns in all the waves of feminism.
The analysis of two epistemological theses, i.e., situated knowledge thesis and
epistemic advantage thesis on developing the theme of how hashtags assist in
knowledge production. The idea of situated knowledge explains how experiences
specific to oppressed members of groups can serve as the basis of the development of
important insights. Hashtags could be considered as a new way of understanding the
links between gender and knowledge.
Feminist slogans and hashtags are also media of testimonial exchange. When the
issues of differential credulity and credibility arise the tenet of situated knowing
comes to the aid of the feminist thinker. Building up the climate of trust generates
knowledge of the forces and dynamics of the oppressed. Trust helps to overcome identity
prejudice and testimonial injustice.
Feminist policies make women visible in feminist public policies. Responsible
interventions into epistemic practices by public policy-making can help move society
in the direction of social justice. Hashtag testimony leads to consciousness-raising and
protest movements which in turn leads to the public reasoning and policy that
empowers women.
The reflections of Miranda Fricker are of great advantage in disclosing feminist
epistemology that revolves around feminist hashtags. Her doctrines enrich the
feminist hashtags with new insights and new directions.
A study on the epistemological relevance of hashtag feminism enhances the
development of social epistemology. It invites our attention to re-reflect on the
concept of objectivity and empowers feminist movements and women.