Abstract
The epistemological situation of a single cell is considered.
In chemotaxis, the relation between perception and action is
found to be lawful and bidirectional. Consideration of the
perception/action relation allows a characterization of the phe-
nomenal world of the cell. This phenomenal world is grounded
in perceptual distinctions that are relevant to the sustained vi-
ability of the cell. Moving up the phylogenetic chain, this
lawfulness, and its relation to the phenomenal world of ex-
perience, is found to be essentially unchanged in multicellular
organisms. Nervous systems add some innovation, in allow-
ing distal responses and the non-linear combination of infor-
mation, but from cell to human, the differentiation of the phe-
nomenal world is found to arise from the lawfulness of the
perception/action relation, which in turn reflects the biologi-
cal constitution of the organism, and not a pre-given objec-
tive world. This recognition suggests that rather than looking
within the nervous system for representations of pre-given, ex-
ternal, entities, one might do better to explore the fit between
the function of the nervous system and the phenomenal, mean-
ingful, world encountered by the organism in experience.