Abstract
The cosmological constant problem arises because the magnitude of vacuum
energy density predicted by the Quantum Field Theory is about 120 orders of
magnitude larger then the value implied by cosmological observations of accelerating
cosmic expansion. We pointed out that the fractal nature of the
quantum space-time with negative Hausdorff-Colombeau dimensions can
resolve this tension. The canonical Quantum Field Theory is widely believed
to break down at some fundamental high-energy cutoff ∗ Λ and therefore
the quantum fluctuations in the vacuum can be treated classically seriously
only up to this high-energy cutoff. In this paper we argue that the Quantum
Field Theory in fractal space-time with negative Hausdorff-Colombeau dimensions
gives high-energy cutoff on natural way. We argue that there exists
hidden physical mechanism which cancels divergences in canonical
QED4 ,QCD4 , Higher-Derivative-Quantum gravity, etc. In fact we argue that
corresponding supermassive Pauli-Villars ghost fields really exist. It means
that there exists the ghost-driven acceleration of the universe hidden in
cosmological constant. In order to obtain the desired physical result we apply
the canonical Pauli-Villars regularization up to ∗ Λ . This would fit in
the observed value of the dark energy needed to explain the accelerated expansion
of the universe if we choose highly symmetric masses distribution
between standard matter and ghost matter below the scale ∗ Λ , i.e. ,
( ) ( ) . . eff eff s m g m , , , f μ f μ μ mc μ μ μ c ∗ − = ≤ < Λ The small value of the cosmological constant is explained by tiny violation of the symmetry between
standard matter and ghost matter. Dark matter nature is also explained using
a common origin of the dark energy and dark matter phenomena.