Abstract
Like '&', '=' is no term; it represents no extrasentential property. It marks an atomic, nonpredicative,
declarative structure, sentences true solely by codesignation. Identity (its necessity and total
reflexivity, its substitution rule, its metaphysical vacuity) is the objectual face of codesignation. The
syntax demands pure reference, without predicative import for the asserted fact. 'Twain is Clemens'
is about Twain, but nothing is predicated of him. Its informational value is in its 'metailed' semantic
content: the fact of codesignation (that 'Twain' names Clemens) that explains what fact it asserts and
why it is necessary. Critiques of concepts of rigidity and elimination of singular terms result.