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  1. The Ethical Context in Organizations: Influences on Employee Attitudes and Behaviors.Donald L. McCabe - 1998 - Business Ethics Quarterly 8 (3):447-476.
    Abstract:This field survey focused on two constructs that have been developed to represent the ethical context in organizations: ethical climate and ethical culture. We first examined issues of convergence and divergence between these constructs through factor analysis and correlational analysis. Results suggested that the two constructs are measuring somewhat different, but strongly related dimensions of the ethical context. We then investigated the relationships between the emergent ethical context factors and an ethics-related attitude (organizational commitment) and behavior (observed unethical conduct) for (...)
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  • Ethical attitudes of students and business professionals: A study of moral reasoning. [REVIEW]John A. Wood, Justin G. Longenecker, Joseph A. McKinney & Carlos W. Moore - 1988 - Journal of Business Ethics 7 (4):249 - 257.
    A questionnaire on business ethics was administered to business professionals and to upper-class business ethics students. On eight of the seventeen situations involving ethical dilemmas in business, students were significantly more willing to engage in questionable behavior than were their professional counterparts. Apparently, many students were willing to do whatever was necessary to further their own interests, with little or no regard for fundamental moral principles. Many students and professionals functioned within Lawrence Kohlberg's stage four of moral reasoning, the law (...)
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  • An empirical examination of the relationship between ethical climate and ethical behavior from multiple levels of analysis.James C. Wimbush, Jon M. Shepard & Steven E. Markham - 1997 - Journal of Business Ethics 16 (16):1705-1716.
    Victor and Cullen (1988) identified several dimensions of ethical climate that exist in organizations and organizational subunits. We tested the relationship between these dimensions of ethical climate and ethical behavior at different levels of analysis. Using Within and Between Analysis (WABA) (cf. Dansereau, Alutto and Yammarino, 1984), partial support was found for a relationship between dimensions of ethical climate and ethical behavior.
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  • Whistleblowing: A restrictive definition and interpretation. [REVIEW]Peter B. Jubb - 1999 - Journal of Business Ethics 21 (1):77 - 94.
    Whistleblowing has been defined often and in differing ways in the literature. This paper has as its main purposes to clarify the meaning of whistleblowing and to speak for a narrow interpretation of it. A restrictive, general purpose definition is provided which contains six necessary elements: act of disclosure, actor, disclosure subject, target, disclosure recipient, and outcome.Whistleblowing is characterised as a dissenting act of public accusation against an organisation which necessitates being disloyal to that organisation. The definition differs from others (...)
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  • Developmental Moral Theory. [REVIEW]Lawrence Kohlberg - 1987 - Ethics 97 (2):441-456.
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  • Strategic Intervention in Organizations: Resolving Ethical Dilemmas.M. Cash Mathews - 1988 - SAGE Publications.
    Concern over business ethics and ethical dilemmas has grown tremendously during the past decade, causing managers to rethink decisions which can affect both their careers and legal liabilities. Strategic Intervention in Organizations considers many of the issues confronting managers and consumers alike, stressing the importance of careful decision-making. The author analyses the content of 202 codes of ethics written by the highest level officials in major corporations and employs quantitative methods to assess the impact of these codes on corporate behaviour.
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  • Do Codes Make a Difference? The Case of Bank Lending and the Environment.Christopher J. Cowton & Paul Thompson - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 24 (2):165 - 178.
    Codes of conduct are a conspicuous feature of modern business organization, but doubts have been raised regarding their efficacy in ensuring high standards of behavior. Although some of the issues involved have been discussed at some length in the business ethics literature, the amount of systematic empirical evidence on the impact of codes is very limited. This paper seeks to make a contribution to that body of knowledge by studying the policies and procedures of a sample of banks which have (...)
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  • Ethical work climate as a factor in the development of person-organization fit.Randi L. Sims & Thomas L. Keon - 1997 - Journal of Business Ethics 16 (11):1095-1105.
    The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between the ethical climate of the organization and the development of person-organization fit. The relationship between an individual's stage of moral development and his/her perceived ethical work environment was examined using a sample of 86 working students. Results indicate that a match between individual preferences and present position proved most satisfying. Subjects expressing a match between their preferences for an ethical work climate and their present ethical work (...)
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  • A Code of Ethics for Corporate Code of Ethics.Mark S. Schwartz - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 41 (1-2):27 - 43.
    Are corporate codes of ethics necessarily ethical? To challenge this notion, an initial set of universal moral standards is proposed by which all corporate codes of ethics can be ethically evaluated. The set of universal moral standards includes: (1) trustworthiness; (2) respect; (3) responsibility; (4) fairness; (5) caring; and (6) citizenship. By applying the six moral standards to four different stages of code development (i.e., content, creation, implementation, administration), a code of ethics for corporate codes of ethics is constructed by (...)
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  • The impact of ethical climate types on facets of job satisfaction: An empirical investigation. [REVIEW]Satish P. Deshpande - 1996 - Journal of Business Ethics 15 (6):655 - 660.
    This study examines the impact of ethical climate types (professionalism, caring, rules, instrumental, efficiency, and independence) on various facets of job satisfaction (pay, promotions, co-workers, supervisors, and work itself) in a large non-profit organization. Professionalism was the most reported and efficiency was the least reported ethical climate type in the organization. Among various facets of job satisfaction, respondents were most satisfied with their work and least satisfied with their pay. None of the climate types significantly influenced satisfaction with pay. A (...)
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  • Ethical climates and the ethical dimension of decision making.David J. Fritzsche - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 24 (2):125 - 140.
    Victor and Cullen (1987, 1988) developed a typology of ethical climates based upon the level of moral development of the work group (egoism, benevolence and principled a la Kohlberg, 1981) and the locus of analysis utilized in reaching decisions (individual, local, cosmopolitan). Building on this typology, data were obtained from a high technology company for the purpose of empirically extending the examination of the number of ethical climates that exist and portraying the relationship between ethical climates and the ethical dimension (...)
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  • The Quest to improve the human condition: The first 1 500 articles published in journal of business ethics. [REVIEW]Denis Collins - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 26 (1):1 - 73.
    In 1999, the Journal of Business Ethics published its 1 500th article. This article commemorates the journal's quest "to improve the human condition" (Michalos, 1988, p. 1) with a summary and assessment of the first eighteen volumes. The first part provides an overview of JBE, highlighting the journal's growth, types of methodologies published, and the breadth of the field. The second part provides a detailed account of the quantitative research findings. Major research topics include (1) prevalence of ethical behavior, (2) (...)
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  • Reinforcing ethical decision making through corporate culture.Al Y. S. Chen, Roby B. Sawyers & Paul F. Williams - 1997 - Journal of Business Ethics 16 (8):855-865.
    Behaving ethically depends on the ability to recognize that ethical issues exist, to see from an ethical point of view. This ability to see and respond ethically may be related more to attributes of corporate culture than to attributes of individual employees. Efforts to increase ethical standards and decrease pressure to behave unethically should therefore concentrate on the organization and its culture. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how total quality (TQ) techniques can facilitate the development of a (...)
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  • The influence of ethical fit on employee satisfaction, commitment and turnover.Randi L. Sims & K. Galen Kroeck - 1994 - Journal of Business Ethics 13 (12):939 - 947.
    This study examines the influence of ethical fit on employee attitudes and intentions to turnover. The results of this investigation provides support for the conjecture that ethical work climate is an important variable in the study of person-organization fit. Ethical fit was found to be significantly related to turnover intentions, continuance commitment, and affective commitment, but not to job satisfaction. Results are discussed in regard to some of the affective and cognitive distinctions among satisfaction, commitment, and behavioral intentions.
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  • Corporate Codes of Ethics: Purpose, Process and Content Issues.Gary R. Weaver - 1993 - Business and Society 32 (1):44-58.
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  • Ethical work climate dimensions in a not-for-profit organization: An empirical study. [REVIEW]James Agarwal & David Cruise Malloy - 1999 - Journal of Business Ethics 20 (1):1 - 14.
    This paper is an attempt to address the limited amount of research in the realm of organizational ethical climate in the not-for-profit sector. The paper draws from Victor and Cullen's (1988) theoretical framework which, combines the constructs of cognitive moral development, ethical theory, and locus of analysis. However, as a point of departure from Victor and Cullen's work, the authors propose an alternative methodology to extract ethical climate dimensions based on theoretical considerations. Using the Ethical Climate Questionnaire (ECQ), an exploratory (...)
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