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Harmonizing Standards for Death Determination in DCDD

James L. Bernat

American Journal of Bioethics 15 (8):10-12 (2015)

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How the Distinction between "Irreversible" and "Permanent" Illuminates Circulatory-Respiratory Death Determination.James L. Bernat - 2010 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 35 (3):242-255.details The distinction between the "permanent" (will not reverse) and "irreversible" (cannot reverse) cessation of functions is critical to understand the meaning of a determination of death using circulatory–respiratory tests. Physicians determining death test only for the permanent cessation of circulation and respiration because they know that irreversible cessation follows rapidly and inevitably once circulation no longer will restore itself spontaneously and will not be restored medically. Although most statutes of death stipulate irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, the accepted (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 36 citations
On Noncongruence between the Concept and Determination of Death.James L. Bernat - 2013 - Hastings Center Report 43 (6):25-33.details A combination of emerging life support technologies and entrenched organ donation practices are complicating the physician's task of determining death. On the one hand, technologies that support or replace ventilation and circulation may render the diagnosis of death ambiguous. On the other, transplantation of vital organs requires timely and accurate declaration of death of the donor to keep the organs as healthy as possible. These two factors have led to disagreements among physicians and scholars on the precise moment of death. (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 19 citations
A Rationale in Support of Uncontrolled Donation after Circulatory Determination of Death.Kevin G. Munjal, Stephen P. Wall, Lewis R. Goldfrank, Alexander Gilbert, Bradley J. Kaufman & on Behalf of the New York City Udcdd Study Group Nancy N. Dubler - 2012 - Hastings Center Report 43 (1):19-26.details Most donated organs in the United States come from brain dead donors, while a small percentage come from patients who die in “controlled,” or expected, circumstances, typically after the family or surrogate makes a decision to withdraw life support. The number of organs available for transplant could be substantially if donations were permitted in “uncontrolled” circumstances–that is, from people who die unexpectedly, often outside the hospital. According to projections from the Institute of Medicine, establishing programs permitting “uncontrolled donation after circulatory (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 9 citations
Are DCD Donors Dead?Don Marquis - 2010 - Hastings Center Report 40 (3):24-31.details Donation after cardiac death protocols are widely accepted, so arguments for them have apparently been persuasive. But this does not mean they are sound. Download Export citation Bookmark 53 citations
Addressing Consent Issues in Donation After Circulatory Determination of Death.Kim J. Overby, Michael S. Weinstein & Autumn Fiester - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (8):3-9.details Given the widening gap between the number of individuals on transplant waiting lists and the availability of donated organs, as well as the recent plateau in donations based on neurological criteria, there has been a growing interest in expanding donation after circulatory determination of death. While the prevalence of this form of organ donation continues to increase, many thorny ethical issues remain, often creating moral distress in both clinicians and families. In this article, we address one of these issues, namely, (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 17 citations

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