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  1. Variation in the contextuality of language: An empirical measure. [REVIEW]Francis Heylighen & Jean-Marc Dewaele - 2002 - Foundations of Science 7 (3):293-340.
    The context of a linguisticexpression is defined as everything outside theexpression itself that is necessary forunambiguous interpretation of the expression.As meaning can be conveyed either by theimplicit, shared context or by the explicitform of the expression, the degree ofcontext-dependence or ``contextuality'' ofcommunication will vary, depending on thesituation and preferences of the languageproducer. An empirical measure of thisvariation is proposed, the ``formality'' or``F-score'', based on the frequencies ofdifferent word classes. Nouns, adjectives,articles and prepositions are more frequent inlow-context or ``formal'' types of (...)
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  • An introduction to algorithmic information theory.George Markowsky - 1997 - Complexity 2 (4):14-22.
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  • Syntactic Structures.J. F. Staal - 1966 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 31 (2):245-251.
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  • Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort. An Introduction to Human Ecology. George K. Zipf.Svend Riemer - 1950 - Philosophy of Science 17 (2):204-205.
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  • An information‐theoretic primer on complexity, self‐organization, and emergence.Mikhail Prokopenko, Fabio Boschetti & Alex J. Ryan - 2009 - Complexity 15 (1):11-28.
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  • Complexity and information: Measuring emergence, self‐organization, and homeostasis at multiple scales.Carlos Gershenson & Nelson Fernández - 2013 - Complexity 18 (2):29-44.
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  • Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age.Duncan J. Watts - 2004 - W. W. Norton & Company.
    An architect of network theory summarizes his team's endeavor to create a blueprint of the world's networks, citing the scientific elements of the Internet, economies, terrorist organizations, and other knowledge-based groups. Reprint.
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