A person can be true to oneself even while transforming and even creating the person one is. One's self is not something merely waiting to be discovered, after all. To some extent, part of the human endeavor is deciding and trying to become who we want to be.

In the 1950s, estimates of the incidence of depression were fifty people per million; today the estimate is 100,000 per million. What was once defined as “anxiety” and treated with tranquilizers in the wake of the crisis of benzodiazipine dependence and the development of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors became “depression.” And as SSRIs have been shown to be effective for treating other nervous conditions, such as panic disorder, estimates of their frequency have increased markedly as well. Disease increasingly means whatever (...) we have a reimbursable treatment for. (shrink)

To ask whether we should use Prozac or other technologies as “enhancement” is perhaps to ask the wrong question, one that belongs to a life of what Heidegger discerned as technological ordering (die Technik). We might better ask a question belonging to a life of receptivity (Gelassenheit): Can or should we—some of us—live differently than we do?

In the Western aesthetic of melancholy, alienation and authenticity walk hand in hand, and therapies that change affective states—especially drugs like Prozac—are philosophically suspect. This is not a necessary state of affairs. What would be the central philosophical questions in a culture whose aesthetic values rose from the well‐springs of optimism?