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  1. Darwin's concept of final cause: Neither new nor trivial. [REVIEW]T. L. Short - 2002 - Biology and Philosophy 17 (3):323-340.
    Darwin'suse of final cause accords with the Aristotelian idea of finalcauses as explanatory types – as opposed to mechanical causes, which arealways particulars. In Wright's consequence etiology, anadaptation is explained by particular events, namely, its past consequences;hence, that etiology is mechanistic at bottom. This justifies Ghiselin'scharge that such versions of teleology trivialize the subject, But a purelymechanistic explanation of an adaptation allows it to appear coincidental.Patterns of outcome, whether biological or thermodynamic, cannot be explainedbytracing causal chains, even were that possible. (...)
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  • What the Frog's Eye Tells the Frog's Brain.J. Lettvin - 1959 - Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 49:1940-1951.
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  • Order out of indeterminacy.Jesper Hoffmeyer - 1999 - Semiotica 127 (1-4):321-344.
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  • How Does Semiosis Effect Renvoi?John N. Deely - 1994 - American Journal of Semiotics 11 (1-2):11-61.
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