Finally, several contributors provide a sampling of international perspectives on the impact of AIDS in other nations. When AIDS was first recognized in 1981, most experts believed that it was a plague, a virulent unexpected disease. They thought AIDS, as a plague, would resemble the great epidemics of the past; it would be devastating but would soon subside, perhaps never to return. The media as well as many policy makers accepted this historical analogy. Much of the response to AIDS in (...) the United States and abroad during the first five years of the epidemic assumed that it could be addressed by severe emergency measures that would reassure a frightened population while signaling social concern for the sufferers and those at risk of contracting the disease. By the middle 1980s, however, it became increasingly clear that AIDS was a chronic infection, not a classic plague. (shrink)