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  1. Multiple Levels of Corporate Sustainability.Marcel Van Marrewijk & Marco Werre - 2003 - Journal of Business Ethics 44 (2/3):107 - 119.
    According to Dr. Clare Graves, mankind has developed eight core value systems, as responses to prevailing circumstances. Given different contexts and value systems, a one-solution-fits-all concept of corporate sustainability is not reasonable. Therefore, this paper presents various definitions and forms of sustainability, each linked to specific (societal) circumstances and related value systems. A sustainability matrix - and essential element of the overall European Corporate Sustainability Framework - is described showing six types of organizations at different developmental stages, with different forms (...)
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  • European Corporate Sustainability Framework for Managing Complexity and Corporate Transformation.Marcel Van Marrewijk & Teun W. Hardjono - 2003 - Journal of Business Ethics 44 (2/3):121 - 132.
    The European Corporate Sustainability Framework (ECSF) is a new generation management framework, aimed to meet increased corporate complexity and support corporate transformation towards more sustainable ways of doing business. It is a multilayer, integral business framework with an analytical, contextual, situational and dynamic dimension. Analytically, the framework is structured according to four focus points - the constitutional, conceptual, behavioural and evaluative perspective - providing integrative designs of complex and dynamic phenomena. The framework includes coherent sets of business philosophies, approaches, concepts (...)
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  • Feasibility of a Responsive Business Scorecard: A Pilot Study.Frans Van Der Woerd & Timo van den Brink - 2004 - Journal of Business Ethics 55 (2):173 - 186.
    Several authors have pointed at opportunities to develop the well-established Business Balanced Scorecard into a Scorecard that enables companies to integrate sustainability into their strategy. Recent case studies and research experiences show that social and environmental targets are more widely recognized as strategic drivers for management. However, experiments also show that the traditional Scorecard has its limits when it comes to e.g. stakeholder management and product chain management. The European Corporate Sustainability Framework (ECSF) program distinguishes several ambition levels for Corporate (...)
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  • Feasibility of a Responsive Business Scorecard – a pilot study.Frans Van Der Woerd & Timo van den Brink - 2004 - Journal of Business Ethics 55 (2):173-186.
    Several authors have pointed at opportunities to develop the well-established Business Balanced Scorecard into a Scorecard that enables companies to integrate sustainability into their strategy. Recent case studies and research experiences show that social and environmental targets are more widely recognized as strategic drivers for management. However, experiments also show that the traditional Scorecard has its limits when it comes to e.g. stakeholder management and product chain management. The European Corporate Sustainability Framework(ECSF) program distinguishes several ambition levels for Corporate Sustainability/corporate (...)
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