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  1. The hardening of the modern synthesis.Stephen J. Gould - unknown
    In 1937, just as Dobzhansky published the book that later generations would laud as the foundation of the modern synthesis, the American Naturnlist published a symposium on "supraspecific variation in nature and in classification." Alfred C. Kinsey, who later became one of America's most controversial intellectuals for his study of basic behaviors in another sort of WASP,1 led off the symposium with a summary of his extensive work on a family of gall wasps, the Cynipidae. In his article, Kinsey strongly (...)
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  • John Locke, John Ray, and the problem of the natural system.Phillip R. Sloan - 1972 - Journal of the History of Biology 5 (1):1-53.
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  • Experimentalists and naturalists in twentieth-century botany: Experimental taxonomy, 1920?1950.Joel B. Hagen - 1984 - Journal of the History of Biology 17 (2):249-270.
    Experimental taxonomy was a diverse area of research, and botanists who helped develop it were motivated by a variety of concerns. While experimental taxonomy was never totally a taxonomic enterprise, improvement in classification was certainly one major motivation behind the research. Hall's and Clements' belief that experimental methods added more objectivity to classification was almost universally accepted by experimental taxonomists. Such methods did add a new dimension to taxonomy — a dimension that field and herbarium studies, however rigorous, could not (...)
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  • The Founding of Numerical Taxonomy.Keith Vernon - 1988 - British Journal for the History of Science 21 (2):143-159.
    This paper is based on my M.Sc. dissertation: ‘The Origins of Numerical Taxonomy’ 1985, submitted to the University of Leicester during the tenure of a D.E.S. State Studentship. For this work I drew extensively on interviews with Professors A. J. Cain, G. A. Harrison, R. R. Sokal and P. H. A. Sneath. I am very grateful to them for their time, interest and encouragement. Without the indefatigable assistance of Jon Harwood, this paper would never have been finished.
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  • The English Debate on Taxonomy and Phylogeny, 1937-1940.Mary Pickard Winsor - 1995 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 17 (2):227 - 252.
    Between 1937 and 1940 the Taxonomic Principles Committee of the newly-founded Association for the Study of Systematics in Relation to General Biology (later the Systematics Association) attempted to define the relationship between evolution and taxonomy. The people who took part in the discussion were W.T. Calman, C.R.P. Diver, J.S.L. Gilmour, J.S. Huxley, W.D. Lang, J.R. Norman, R. Melville, O.W. Richards, M.A. Smith, T.A. Sprague, H. Hamshaw Thomas, W.B. Turrill, B.P. Uvarov, A.F. Watkins, E.I. White, and A.J. Wilmott. Most of the (...)
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  • The concept of homology in biology.N. Jardine - 1967 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 18 (2):125-139.
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  • Desperately seeking status: Evolutionary Systematics and the taxonomists' search for respectability 1940–60.Keith Vernon - 1993 - British Journal for the History of Science 26 (2):207-227.
    Science in the twentieth century has relied on enormous financial investment for its survival. Once departed from an amateur pursuit, industry, charity and government have ploughed huge resources into it, supplying the professional occupation of science with a complex of institutional facilities – full-time posts, research laboratories, students and journals. Financial support, however, has always been a limited resource and has gone most generously to those areas of research which appear particularly novel, innovative or promising, that is to the ‘leading (...)
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  • Metaphors and typology in the development of botanical systematics 1690-1960, or the art of putting new wine in old bottles. [REVIEW]P. F. Stevens - 1984 - Taxon 33:169-211.
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  • Typology and empiricism in taxonomy.Robert R. Sokal - 1962 - Journal of Theoretical Biology 3 (2):230-267.
    The term typology has been used in taxonomy to imply procedures and philosophies of somewhat diverse meanings. Not all typological work meets every criterion suggested for such work by various authors. Some of these criteria are untenable when viewed in the context of modern biological theory, while others seem eminently reasonable in the light of present day knowledge. Mere reference to a work as typological will not convey to the reader or listener a clear idea why a reviewer has decided (...)
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  • The Shaping of Angiosperm Taxonomy.S. M. Walters - 1961 - New Phytologist 60 (1):74-84.
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  • Logic and memory in Linnaeus's system of taxonomy.A. J. Cain - 1958 - Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 169:144-163.
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