Ayurveda is considered one of the ancient systems of knowledge in India. Various compendiums of Ayurveda i.e., Charaka, Sushruta, or Vagbhatta have enumerated an education system based on Gurukuls i.e., An Educator and their pupils. It is evident from them that a very systematized and organized form of medical education starting from selection to induction and then to effective teaching and training were given during that ancient era. The triad of education viz. Adhyayan (studying), Adhyapan (teaching) and Sambhasha (an argument (...) based on logic) is key to knowledge and the learning process as per Charaka. The selection of students and teachers was based on some set of fixed criteria necessary to be fulfilled. Induction was done prior to admission and proper disciplinary, and ethical rules were practiced. For the development of knowledge and skills in branches of Ayurveda, problems-based case discussion, identification, causes, and treatment of diseases, their principles were taught. Yogya (a set of dummy objects) was used to practice prior to the final surgery. (shrink)

The fundamental principle holds a strong ground in Ayurveda. Every medical stream has its own science in which its matter is developed, evolved and explained. From creation of living to issues of health, disease and its treatment these fundamental principles are the root. These can be enumerated as Tridosha, Panchamahabhuta, Prakriti, Ojas, Dhatu, Mala, Agni, Manas, Atma etc. They are most unique and original approach to the material creation and it has all scope to incorporate the modern development in the (...) elemental physics. The aim of Ayurveda is to maintain the proper equilibrium of dosa, dhatus, and mala constituent in order to preserve health in a healthy person and cure a disease in a diseased person.The presence of cognition as well as the absence of cognition is an indication of the mind. In the presence of senses with senses object and soul the man does not perceive a thing in the absence of mind that is to say that senses are unable to grasp the object in the absence of Manas. The term Ojas has been used in Ayurveda for the factor which prevents decay and degeneratioif the body and provides strength and support against a disease. Concept of Agni which incorporates all activities and factors responsible for digestion and metabolism in the living organism as known today, knowledge to these fundamental principles is a key to health and diseases .Maintenances of health depend on good and sound knowledge of these. Detail will be given in full paper. Keywords: Ayurveda, health, dosa, Agni, mind. (shrink)

ABSTRACT -/- Ayurveda is science of living being with an aim to live healthy life and curing of ailments. Arogyata (healthy life) is root to achieve the purushartha chatushtaya which are dharma(religious rituals), artha, kama and moksha. Kama in society is taken in sexual lust but Vatsayan has described kama as the enjoyment of appropriate objects by the five senses of hear- ing, feeling, seeing, tasting, and smelling, assisted by the mind together with the soul. The ingre- dient in this (...) is a peculiar contact between the organ of sense and its object, and the consciousness of pleasure which arises from that contact is called Kama. A well organised, controlled form of kama comes under brahmacharya. Acharya Charaka has specified brahmacharya among three subpillars which assists in healthy living being. Brahmacharya leads to conservation of shukra dhatu which is essence of ahara. This shukra dhatu is responsible for bala, virya, yash, dhairya, preeti. Development of these qualities assists higher faculty buddhi or pragya not to indulge in pragyaparadh leading to correct decisionary power and patience. Healthy state of mind is achieved with this brahmacharya. Through this paper a review over various parameters of brah- macharya have been discussed and concluded. -/- Keywords: Kama, dhairya, pragyaparadh, health, shukra dhatu. (shrink)

Ayurveda is the science of living being. With the aim of health and procurement of disease it almost covers all facets of life. It includes health of an individual at physical, mental, spiritual, social level. Ayurvedic classics includes brihatrayee samhita like Charak, Sushruta and Ashtanga Hridaya. A review based study of music (geet, sangeet) was done in these classics to explore whether these classics includes any form of music as therapy or not. Based on review of these classics it was (...) found that music in form of geet (vocal or instrument) has been given in contexts like vajikara(aphrodisiac), vata/pitta prakriti (basic consititutional make up), gandharva sattva, madyapana (intake of alcohol), therapy for rajyakshma (immune deficiency diseases), sanyasa (syncope/coma), jivadan (haemetemesis) etc. various swara have been correlated with their pacifying power of three sharirikadoshas viz. vata, pitta and kapha. Also a relationship between various raga of indian classical music have been said to be based on time of its singing which may be used as a therapy to pacify the dearrangement of prevalent doshas. several articles have shown music as therapy in sleep disorder, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, cardiovascular, cancer etc. with this paper a perspective of Ayurveda have been explored in music therapeutics. (shrink)

Ayurveda is science of living being. Aim of Ayurveda is mantainance of healthy life and pacification of diseases of diseased ones. Dharma, artha, kama and moksha these four are together called chaturvidha purushartha which is achieved by arogya (health).Ayurveda holds view of its independent darshanika viewthough it has shades of nearly all six astika darshanas. Mimamsa’s first verse implies its motto to explore Dharma. Ayurveda considers dharma as one of basic component to health. Dharma has been described under trieshana by (...) acharya Bhela. Various conducts are described under sadavritta, achararasayana, moksha marga, naishtikichikitsa. Ayurveda describes three types of treatment which are yuktivyapshraya, daivavyapashraya and sattvavajaya. This daivyapashraya includes mantra, ausadhi, mani, mangal, bali, upahaar, homa, niyama,prayashchita, upawaas, swastyayana, pranipata, gamana etc. These type of methods are widely described in karma kanda of mimamsa darshana. This treatment method has been used in curing of diseases like unmada,graharoga. Methods of yagya has been described as well as used in putreshti and punsawansamskara described in charakasamhita. With this paper karma kanda widely used in treatment has been described in Ayurveda. (shrink)

This adhyatma gyana is also a part of Ayurveda because it is related to human health especially with mental health; A group of diseases is described independently in Sushruta as adhyatmika dukha. Contemporary books also mention adhyatmika dukha and adhyatma has been described in details. The subject matter of adhyatma has been mentioned from different point of view, but in fact the adhyatma is related to atman, as it is knowledge of atman and its related subjects are the knowledgeable materials (...) of adhyatma. Here in thispaper is a brief review of adhyatma ,terminology and its different prospects in ayurveda. (shrink)

Ayurveda, a holistic healing system, has been an integral part of India's cultural heritage for thousands of years. With its emphasis on natural remedies, preventive healthcare, and mind-body balance, Ayurveda has gained significant recognition globally. This paper explores the state of Ayurveda education in India, including its historical background, current challenges, and potential opportunities. It sheds light on the efforts made to promote and strengthen Ayurveda education, the curriculum, regulatory bodies, and the role of technology in enhancing learning outcomes. Additionally, (...) it discusses the importance of research and innovation to further the growth and global acceptance of Ayurveda. (shrink)

Ayurveda, an ancient Indian system of medicine, stands as one of the most comprehensive and time-tested holistic approaches to health and wellness. Central to the philosophy of Ayurveda is the concept of Padartha, which encompasses the fundamental principles and categories that underpin the entire system. This research paper delves into a comprehensive study of Padartha in Ayurveda, exploring its essential concepts and categories and shedding light on their profound implications for healthcare and well-being, providing a deeper understanding of the fundamental (...) concepts and categories that form the bedrock of this ancient healing system. Recognizing the significance of Padartha enables practitioners and scholars to appreciate the intricacies of Ayurveda's diagnostic and therapeutic principles, fostering an integrated and holistic approach to healthcare. (shrink)

Padartha is a concept which has been clinically and academically described in Ayurveda. Health and disease are prime focus of Ayurveda and the principle causes behind both of these are Padatha. Ayurveda and Vaisheshika darshan considers similar padartha but with different views. How this view is different has been explained? Disease is a state of disequilibrium of physiological functions causing vriddhi or kshaya of structural entity (Dhatus). Vriddhi or Kshaya is based on samanya and vishesha and its treatment is also (...) based on same. An attempt to explain Doshavada, Dhatuposhan (nourishment of structural entity), Loka Purusha samyata (Universe human unified theory) etc. on basis of Samanyavada has been explained. How is Dravya, Guna, karma basis for therapeutics involving principles of samanya and vishesha with Samavaya acting as a cause for determined action due to its inherent relationship has been explained. From all findings, it can be said that sadapadartha are basic plinth of this Ayurveda. (shrink)

Health and disease are prime focus in the field of Indian medicine and exploration of cause as primary thirst in human being. Cause and effect in Ayurveda is discussed throughout Ayurvedic texts. A critical appraisal of karana(cause) from different point of view was done and it has been concluded that effect conceived in form of sign/symptoms in healthy or diseased must have certain cause. No individual cause can bring an effect until there is an interrelationship, inter-contact and interaction among causes. (...) Causes in Ayurveda has been explored in different contexts in form of causative factors for disease, dhatusamyata (health), cause for origin of shrishti (universe), purusha (human), garbha(foetus), karyadravya(existing matter), one cause for many effect, use of different synonyms like hetu, nidana, ayatana, nimitta, role of cause in therapeutics, cause as one important examination tool of dasha parikshya vishaya, cause as primary focus for research etc. were intervened. What is this cause? In which form has cause been described in Ayurveda? What are different names for these causes in Ayurveda? What are the different effects produced by causes? Analysis of karana from different point of view has been objective of this paper.. (shrink)

Aim of Ayurveda is to build a society through building an individual with ideal norms and character. In explanation of hitayu it has been clearly stated that one should follow norms of hitayu for sound health and ideal society. To maintain the health and prevent somatic and psychic diseases course of health education is prescribed based on adhyatma gyana. Promotion of physical and mental health and for improvement of morality in society is a specific concept of Achara rasayana based on (...) adhyatma gyana. A new approach to explore three dimensional health education in preventive, promotive and absolute health has been done and there is role of adhyatma in strata of preventive in form of sadavritta, promotive in form of achara rasayana and absolute through moksha marga. All these can only be achieved once adhyatma gyana is present. (shrink)

Nanoparticles have been used in numerous fields, various branches of science and engineering. These were used as a modification and to enhance the activity such as dentistry and oral investigation. The current survey uncovers that graphene oxide has been used to set up a variety of functionalized nanoparticles and progressed nanocomposites carriers. Graphene oxide shows potential in a variety of research examinations, for instance, tooth bleaching, antimicrobial activity, tooth erosion, teeth implants, toothaches, drug delivery at a specific site. All these (...) usages of graphene oxide to biomedicine are excellent, and consoling Graphene oxide use in dental science has given amazing outcomes in antimicrobial activity, bone tissue building, regenerative dental, advancing dentistry biological materials, and in the treatment of oral cancer. The biocompatibilities of graphene oxide and its nanomaterial make them approaching units in bone regeneration, osseointegration, and cell multiplication. Furthermore, its antibiofilm and antiadhesion action encouraged researchers to formulate graphene oxide for biofilm. Nanostructures are utilized advancements or exploration of dentistry, and nanocomposite is employed for oral ailment preventive drugs, prostheses, and teeth implantation. Nanomaterials are further utilized as an oral liquid, mouth wash, or medication, forestalling and facilitating some oral malady and keep up oral wellbeing. (shrink)

Purpose of Review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is identified from Wuhan, China, and has spread almost worldwide. Recently, the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed to kill millions of people worldwide and is dangerous to society health, survival, and livelihood. The people with cardiovascular problems are noticed as most common patients of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is a greater risk of mortality and morbidity in these patients than other patients of COVID-19. In the heart, expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme (...) 2 (ACE2) and response effect of hyperactivity with angiotensin II associated to the renin-angiotensin mechanism are key factors of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and congestive heart failure. -/- Recent Findings Mortality rates have been observed about 10.5% cases in patients with cardiovascular disease; however, a mortality rate of 52% was recorded in patients with heart failure, while 12% recovered ultimately. The occupancy of intense injury controlled by troponin elevation was a noteworthy factor in relation to mortality. Among 187 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, about 35% were diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD) history and 28% with raised troponin. Troponin elevation was identified more frequently (55%) in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Mortality rate in patients without cardiovascular diseases and normal troponin was 7.6%, normal troponin and cardiovascular disease with 13.3%, augmented troponin and without cardiovascular disease 37.5%, however 69.4% among cardiovascular disease and advanced troponin. -/- Summary The study reflected a significant association of case fatality rate (CFR) to COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular diseases which supposed to be the most common dangerous risk factor and health challenge during the current pandemic situation. (shrink)