Family has always been an important unit of analysis in an effort to improve and understand human development. Studying the changes in the institution of family and households keeping in view the demographic, social, and economic transitions also becomes imperative. So far, in our knowledge, there are very few studies based in India have investigated the household size and family formation patterns, while a few of them have looked into its possible causes or associations and demographic, economic, and social repercussions. (...) In particular, as per our knowledge, there is no evidence on who is losing and who is gaining among family members due to the unprecedented transition in family forms in India. This paper serves a twofold purpose as first it seeks to explore and enrich the field of family demography in India by studying the existing evidence in the field as well as allied fields to understand how family serves as the nuclei directing individuals and communities toward certain behaviors and choices which consequently translate into larger social, economic and demographic transitions. Second, it also discusses the missing links and scope in the field of family demography in India as compared to the developed societies to provide future research prospects in this area. (shrink)

This IoT-based water quality monitoring system ensures good water quality in distribution lines by monitoring pH value, flow rate, and conductivity level in real-time. Utilizing Arduino, pH, flow, and conductivity sensors, and ESP8266 WiFi module, the system analyses data and sends automated alerts to authorized personnel's Android devices. This automated monitoring enhances public health, provides real-time data analysis, and enables remote monitoring, making it an efficient solution for water distribution plants to maintain optimal water quality.