d organic compounds that pose serious risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health. This study investigates the application of biochar as an effective treatment medium for textile wastewater. Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced through pyrolysis of organic matter, offers high surface area, porosity, and adsorption properties. We evaluated the efficacy of biochar in removing dyes and heavy metals from simulated textile effluent under varying conditions of contact time, pH, and biochar dosage. Results indicated that biochar significantly reduced dye concentration (...) and metal ions, with optimal removal rates achieved at specific pH levels and higher biochar amounts. Mechanistic studies suggested that adsorption, electrostatic interactions, and ion exchange were the primary removal processes. This research highlights the potential of biochar not only as a sustainable solution for textile effluent treatment but also as a means to recycle organic waste, contributing to a circular economy. Further investigations into the regeneration and reuse of biochar in wastewater treatment are recommended to enhance its practical applicability. (shrink)

Biochar—a stable, carbon-rich material produced from the pyrolysis of organic biomass—has been widely recognized for its potential to contribute to climate change mitigation and soil restoration. However, uncertainties remain about its long-term ecological impacts, especially when applied directly to soils. A recent systematic review by Maghsoodi et al. [2] examines an emerging solution: recovering valuable nutrients from biochar before it is used or geologically sequestered.